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1991-175-Concerning The Update Of The Housing Element Of The Los Gatos General PlanRESOLUTION 1991 -175 RESOLUTION OF THE TOWN COUNCIL OF THE TOWN OF LOS GATOS CONCERNING THE UPDATE OF THE HOUSING ELEMENT OF THE LOS GATOS GENERAL PLAN WHEREAS, under Government Code Section 65353, the Town Council conducted public hearings for consideration of an update to the Housing Element of the Los Gatos General Plan, on August 5, 1991; and WHEREAS, during this hearing, the Town Council considered the General Plan Amendment GP -91 -1 relating to the update of the Housing Element; and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission considered this item on January 3, February 27, and July 10, 1991; and WHEREAS, the Town has in good faith worked with the State in addressing their concerns but the State has requested additional revisions not identified in previous correspondence which is affecting the timing of the adoption of the element. WHEREAS, the Town has reviewed the State's comments made on August 17, 1990, February 14, and May 22, 1991, and has adequately addressed all of their comments to comply with Government Code Section 65580 et seq. RESOLVED, the Town Council made the following findings that the Los Gatos Housing Element substantially complies with the requirements established pursuant to Section 65350 et. seq. of the Government Code which specifies the content of the Housing Elements; 1. The State requested clarification of the status of all buildings damaged by the earthquake and how many can be repaired or be replaced. Since submitted to the State, the Housing Element has been amended to include this information in Section 3.2(3)d. 2. Section 65583(a)(3) of the Government Code requires an inventory of land suitable for residential development, including vacant sites and sites having potential for redevelopment, and an analysis of the relationship of zoning and public facilities and services to the site. The Town's Housing Element c11 \reso \8- 5 #1.PIn 1 separately breaks down the acreage available for underdeveloped lots and vacant lots, based on zoning, range of potential units and household income. Since submitted to the State, the Housing Element has been amended so that this inventory no longer includes commercial land which could also be developed with a residential use nor does it take into account density bonuses (See Section 3.2(4) of the Housing Element). The Town has determined that until an actual development application is filed, it is unclear exactly at what density a parcel will be developed, therefore, the vacant /underdeveloped land inventory includes a range of potential new units based on zoning density requirements. The Town has also determined that in the areas where residential land is underdeveloped, public services and facilities are available to the sites and the streets can accommodate the additional traffic to be generated (See Section 5(c) of the Housing Element). 3. As requested by the State, the Town has included in the Housing Element a statement that the adopted Uniform Building has been amended by the Town which affects construction of residential units, but the amendment results in a minimal cost to the project and is needed to avoid extensive costs at a later date for retrofitting the residence for additional livability features such as grab bars in the bathrooms and wider doorways (See Section 3.2(5)a of the Housing Element). 4. The State has questioned the implementation of the Below Market Price (BMP) Program and the amount of fees or units the Town expects to generate. The specific requirements and implementation of the BMP program are established by Resolution No. 1990 -213 and, therefore, does not need to be addressed in the Housing Element. The number of units and fees to be generated cannot be estimated since it is based on the type of application to be filed (which the Town has no control over) and the building valuation of the project (which the Town cannot anticipate). c17 \reso \ &5 #1.PIn 2 5. The State has questioned how the self help programs are implemented. The Housing Element states that the Town shall facilitate or encourage self -help programs for maintenance of older homes through the Town's Housing Conservation Program and by the continuation of the Town's support of existing programs as identified in the 1985 -1990 Housing Element Programs Progress. 6. The State has indicated that the element should include specific program actions to implement the Housing Market programs. The Town has determined that the programs are all self explanatory and implementation measures are not necessary. 7. The State has indicated that the Town may need to amend their time frame of implementing the program relating to densities if there are not adequate sites available at densities high enough to provide housing for all income levels. The Town has determined that there are adequate sites available as discussed in Section 3.2(4) of the Housing Element, therefore, the time frame for implementation of the programs does not need to be amended. 8. The State pointed out that the element indicated that some public services and facilities are not at capacity and additional programs may be necessary to ensure that these services are available. This section was misconstrued by the State since the Town has determined that in the areas where residential land is underdeveloped, public services and facilities are available to the sites and the streets can accommodate the additional traffic to be generated. The statement has been rewritten to clearly state that in the event any facility is used at capacity at the time an application is filed, the facility shall not be impacted beyond its service capability unless implementation of programs to increase capacities is in process (See Section 3.6(6) of the Housing Element). c11 \reso \8 -5 #1. Pin 3 9. The State questioned if the 1985 -1990 Housing Element Programs Progress, which includes the analysis of vacant land outside the Route 85 Corridor within one - quarter mile of the corridor, includes County property. The Town has determined and incorporated in the 1985 -1990 Housing Element Programs Progress that the vacant land includes Town and County property. The Town is also currently conducting public hearings to annex several County islands one of which is identified as Los Gatos Boulevard #12 which is susceptible to major development for housing. The majority of the county islands are prezoned for residential uses. 10. The State has indicated that a General Plan amendment may be appropriate to facilitate a wider range of mixed -use since the plan only encourages mixed uses in certain areas. The Town has determined that a General Plan amendment is not necessary since mixed -uses are encouraged in all non - residential areas to provide more housing as stated in Section 3.5(10) of the Housing Element. 11. The Town shall continue to support programs that provide fair housing services and shall continue to support the Los Gatos - Saratoga Board of Realtors in upholding the Housing and Urban Development's fair housing law (See Section 3.6(10) of the Housing Element). 12. As required by the State, the Town incorporated in the element for public participation the Town's effort to contact groups and agencies which represent all economic segments, to make copies of the element available to these groups and the process for their input in addition to the public hearings (See Section 3.1 of the Housing Element). 13. The State has indicated that the Uniform Building Code is a governmental constraint. The Town has determined that the Uniform Building Code is necessary for the proper construction and maintenance of residential units and is not considered a constraint to housing production, and that other communities with a certified housing element have a similar statement. ci 1 \reso \8- 5 #1.PIn 4 14. Limiting the expansion of existing single - family homes maintains moderate priced housing since major additions to a residence will result in a considerably higher priced residence than what is existing. 15. The State has questioned what and when additional innovative ideas will be used to promote rental housing. The Town will incorporate innovative ideas to promote rental housing as they are developed. 16. The new secondary dwelling unit program is fairly new and the passage of time is necessary to determine whether or not other incentives are needed to facilitate the development of new secondary units. 17. It has been determined that sites where land is underdeveloped should not be identified in the Housing Element since it would be likely to invite land speculation resulting in inflated land prices which would inhabit rather than promote the development of affordable housing. The Town has adopted a density bonus program for low income housing as part of the Housing Element Update. This program will result in the construction of more low income units than designating individual sites and will disperse these unit throughout the Town rather than constructing all the units on a specific site. 18. The Town supports local programs which provide aid to the homeless population such as the Voucher Program sponsored by the Salvation Army. 19. The Town provides numerous programs to assist development of housing for low and moderate income households as identified in Section 3.6 of the Housing Element. Due to current budget constraints, additional programs cannot be funded at this time, but will be considered in the future when funds are available. The Town currently leverages any available housing funds to assist nonprofit housing developers in the construction or development of affordable housing as the Town did for the low income housing development by Mid - Peninsula Housing Coalition at 634 W. Parr Avenue. ci 1\reso \8- 5 #1.P1n 5 FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Town Council finds that the amendment will not have a significant impact on the environment since an Environmental Impact Report was previously prepared for the General Plan when adopted and that the Environmental Impact Report is applicable to the proposed amendments since they do not cause any changes which would have a significant impact on the environment. FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Town Council finds that the amendments to the Housing Element, which is attached hereto, marked Exhibit A, are internally consistent with the various elements of the General Plan. PASSED AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of the Town Council held on August 5, 1991 by the following vote: COUNCIL MEMBERS: AYES: NAYS: ABSENT: ABSTAIN: SIGNED: MAYOR OF THE TOWN OF LOS GATOS LOS GATOS, CALIFORNIA ATTEST: l } CLERK OF THE TOWN OF LOS GATOS LOS GATOS, CALIFORNIA of 1 \reso \8- 5 #1.PIn 6 HOUSING ELEMENT UPDATE1990 EXHIBIT 3.0 HOUSING ELEMENT 3.1 INTRODUCTION The intent of the Town of Los Gatos is to attempt to provide adequate housing for Town citizens, regardless of age, income, race, or ethnic background. The Town encourages conservation and construction of housing adequate for future populations and replacement needs, consistent with environmental limitations and in proper relationship to community facilities, open space and transportation. The Housing Element establishes policies that will aid Town officials in daily decision- making and sets forth implementation measures that will assist the Town in realizing its housing goals. "A decent home and suitable living environment for ail" has been identified as a goal of the highest priority by the California State Legislature. Recognizing that local planning programs play a significant role in the pursuit of this statewide goal; and to assure that local planning effectively implements statewide housing policy, the Legislature has mandated that all local jurisdictions and counties include a housing element as pan of their adopted General Plan. The State's General Plan law requires that the Housing Element be updated at least every five years_ The following Housing Element reflects the 1990 regional housing needs determinations prepared by the Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG). The element will again undergo revision when the 1990 census data become available. The element establishes goals, policies and programs that provide incentives for the development of affordable housing in order for the Town to achieve its share of affordable housing. Between 1980 and 1990 the Town approved 942 housing units including 124 very low and low income units. Of rice fifteen cities in Santa Clara County, Los Gatos placed third in producing ABAG's Yak share allocation' of low income housing and in the top 16 percent of the 98 cities in the Bay Area. The Town of Los Gatos was able to produce these housing units in spite of the fact that the Town has adopted one of the most stringent traffic policies in the State. This policy is referenced in the constraintsection of this element. When evaluating the success of the Town's housing policies, it is important to recognize that the Town has been relatively successful in producing the Town's 'fair share allocation' of low income housing even though the cost of land is approhdmately a million dollars per acre. The updated Housing Element was developed to be consistent with the other elements of Los Gatos' General Plan. The Town will continue to require that all residential development proposals, General Plan and Specific Plan amendments be consistent with the Town's Housing Element. The development of the Housing Element involved numerous meetings of the Town's General Plan Committee for over an eight month period. These meetings were open to the public and the agenda's were posted at Town Hall and the Public Library to encourage public participation from all economic segments of the community. Participation from the community included developers and builders, handicapped citizens, special housing groups and concerned citizens several ofwhich were contacted by the Town and were provided copies of the draft housing element. The review process and adoption of this element involved meetings with the Community Services Commission, Planning Commission and Town Council all of which were open to the public for their input. The public hearings before the Planning Commission and Town Council were advertised in the local newspaper (Los Gatos Weekly - Times) and the agendas were posted and drafts of the Update were available at Town Hall and the public library . 3.2 EXISTING CONDITIONS AND PROJECTED NEEDS Population Trends: From the first 100 -acre Town site and an 1890 census population of 1,652, Los Gatos grew by the time of its initial general plan adoption in 1963 to an area of approximately 4,000 acres, or 6.3 square miles, and a population in excess of 11,750. In 1975, the County of Santa Clara conducted a special census that showed the population to be 23,882 persons. Once the County conducted its special census, the State Department of Finance used it to base all future population estimates. Since this special census, the State has prepared estimates showing the Town's population for 1978 -79 to be 25,370. The 4980 census established the population of Los Gatos at 26,906 in 1980. The following selected population census data for the periods 1970, #975, and 1980 are provided: POPULATION 1970 N 1980 (9'a) Total 23,735 24,344 26,906 38 Under 18 8,097 (34.0) 6,143 (22.8) 18 -20 973 (4.0) 1,314 (4.9) 65 -Over 2,672 (11.3) 3,241 (12.0) Median Age 30.3 * * ** 35* ** Group Quarters 586 (2.4) 747 (2.8) Average age; median age not available During the period 1970 -1980 the Town's population grew by 3,171 or 13.4% for an annual growth rate of 1.27% per year This compares to an annual growth rate of 2.16% per year for the County as a whole- Between 1980 and 1990, the Town's annual growth rate has slowed considerably. The Department of Finance estimates the Town's 1990 population to have risen to 28,197, a 4.7% increase since Me 1980 Census, for an annual growth rate of .46%. The early released data for the 1990 Census however, estimates the Town's 1990 population to have risen to only 27,357, a 1.7% increase since the 1980 census- Racial composition of those living in Los Gatos for the years 1970, 4975, 1980 and 1990 are provided: PERSONS BY RACE 1970 1980 1990 * ** White 22,284 25,793 24,344 Black 38 108 187 American Indian, Esk, Aleut * 52 * 86 90 Japanese 123 221 * * ** Chinese 89 P14 * * ** Filipino 27 75 * * ** Vietnamese ** 0 * * ** Korean ** 13 * * *: Asian Indian ** 78 * : ** Hawaiian ** 24 * * ** Guamanian ** 0 * * ** Samoan ** 0 * * ** Other Asian ** 13 * * ** Spa"ishHispanic Origin ** 164 1,367 Other /Unknown * 245 19 * Not comparable due to change in census definition ** Not available * ** Early Release Data * * ** Total for Asian, Pacific Islander is 1,350 The Town experienced a rapid population growth during the early 1960's and into early 1970, consistent with the rapid growth of the County as a whole. This growth reflected the relative abundance of buildable lots and the favorable economic climate for construction of housing units. Conversely, the slowing of the rate of population growth in the Town in recent years indicates the declining availability of land suitable for residential development, an unfavorable economic climate and the Town's policies for preserving the existing quality of life through growth management. For the period 1970 -1980, the total increase in Town population was 3,171. Of this increase, only 871 or 27.5% was from the construction of new housing units. The remaining 2,300 or 62.5% was from existing units annexed to the Town. ABAG projects a slow steady rate of growth through 2005 within the Town and its sphere of influence as defined by LAFCO: (Projections 90. December 1989) 1980 1985 1990 1992 2000 2005 Total Population 30,474 31,000 31,200 31,600 31,700 31,900 Household Population 29,827 30,100 30,500 30,800 30,900 31,000 Households 11,802 12,150 12,490 12,900 13,080 13,190 Both the 1975 Special Census and the 1980 Census indicate that Los Gatos has maintained a larger percentage of people 65 years of age or older than the County percentage. School closures that have occurred in the Town in recent years are an indicator of a decrease in the number of school age children residing in the Town. This decline in school enrollment has two major causes; a nationwide trend of a drop in the birth rate, and a tight, high priced housing market in Los Gatos and vicinity that contributes to forcing families with young children to seek housing outside the Town and County. 2. Employment Trends: The following employment data from the 1975 Special Gensus and the 1980 census are provided 1980 Total Population 26,906 Total Civilian Labor Force 14,610 Total Employed 14,096 Total Unemployed 504 Unemployment Rate 3.4% % of Residents Participating in Labor Force 54.3 Number and % of Residents between Ages 18-64 Participating in Labor Force 16,775 (87 %) Santa Clara County as a whole has eVenenced rapid and sustained economic development and employment growth Santa Clara County added about 98,000 new jobs from 1980 to 1985. ABAG estimates that between 1985 and 1990, the County added another 81,000 new jobs_ Between 1990 and 2005, ABAG projects that the economy of Santa Clara County will generate a demand for about 264,000 new jobs. In conjunction with the anticipated employment growth, housing demands will increase. Satisfaction of this housing demand will be partially dependent on the ability to supply housing in close proximity to employment and at points of access to transportation corridors. Commuting to work in other parts of the County and outside the County is anticipated to continue as part of the existing employment /housing structure of the region. expected. However, this trend may decrease as a result of regional congestion management planning mandated under Proposition 111 passed by the voters on June 5, 1990. In 1979, Santa Clara County determined that Los Gatos exhibited a housing shortage relative to demand generated by jobs. The County indicated in its Background Report for the General Plan Revisions, 1980, that this shortfall of housing was 617 units based on a demand for 9,167 and a supply of 8,550. This shortfall figure is probably not correct since the 1980 census counted 10,971 housing units. Based on these revised figures, it appears that Los Gatos did deft not have a shortfall, even when taking into account the increases in commercial and industrial square footage since 1980 meaning that the Town has had balanced job growth and housing. Los Gatos should experience relatively less employment growth than the County as a whole. This is mainly due to the increasing scarcity of vacant buildable land in the Town designated for commercial or industrial uses, and the very high demand for new housing and additional housing downtown. ABAG projects an increase of approximately 2,750 new jobs in Los Gatos from 1990 to 2005, occurring Primarily in the retail and service sector. Household population is expected to increase by 500 residents over the same period which indicates that in the future there may be a housing shortage relative to the demand generated by jobs. ASAG has made the following estimates and projections regarding employment growth in Los Gatos and its sphere of influence (Proiecdons 90. December 1989). 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Employee Residents 15,971 17,300 18,000 18,400 19,100 19,000 Total Jobs 13,309 14,490 15,740 16,880 17,790 18,490 Agriculture & Mining Jobs 195 150 130 120 120 100 Manufacturing & Wholesale Jobs 1,830 1,440 1,540 1,570 1,630 1,646 Retail Jobs 3,527 4,410 4,990 5,580 5,870 6,116 Service Jobs 5,313 5,850 6,360 6,730 7,016 7,280 Other Jobs 2,444 2,640 2,720 2,880 3,160 3,360 3. Household and Housing Characteristics: a. Household Income/Housing Cost. In 1980 Los Gatos had a mean household income of $52,643. In 1985, the mean income increased to $58,000, a 11.7% change. The 1985 mean income for Santa Clara County was $48,600. Thus, Los Gatos has a relatively highermean income than the Countyas a whole (ABAG estimates in constant 1988 dollars)_ ABAG projects that the mean household income in Los Gatos will rise from an estimated $63,500 in 1990 to $67,000 in 1995, and again to $71,700 in 2000, and to $74,400 in 2005 (constant 1988 dollars)_ In determining housing needs, the State and HUD have traditionally required that housing programs be focused towards households with very low income which is defined as less than 50% of the local county median income. The Town does have a significant population of very low income households. In 1965 1,107 households or 18.2 percent of the households in the Town were very low income households compared to a County total of 15.2 percent. According to the 1975 Special Census that figure had dropped to 17.7 percent in the Town but risen to 19.2 percent county wide. This indicated an improvement in the Town's position county wide, but still included 1,497 households in the very low income category for the Town. The 1980 Census reported the income statistics in a different manner, however, for the purposes of comparison the statistics were interpolated to show that in 1979, 2240 (21.5 %) Los Gatos households had an income below 50% of the County median. The 1980 Census reported the number of persons and the number of households by poverty status (see Tables below). The poverty statistics in the 1980 Census are not comparable to the very low income statistics of previous Census' data due to the definition of poverty. The 1980 poverty figures are based on a nationwide income table, which, due to the relatively high income and costs associated with Santa Clara County means that the need is understated, e.g. the poverty income threshold for a four person household shows an income that is only 22.5% of the Santa Clara County median income. FAMILIES BY FAMILY TYPE BY POVERTY STATUS IN 1979 BY PRESENCE AND AGE OF CHILDREN 1979 Above Below Povertv Povert v TOTAL FAMILIES Children 0 -5 and 6 -17 337 0 Children 0 -5 only 513 50 Children 6 -17 only 2,410 107 No Related Children 3,242 67 Total 6,502 224 FEMALE HOUSEHOLDER NO HUSBAND PRESENT Children 0 -5 and 6 -17 4 0 Children 0 -5 only 65 33 Children 6 -17 only 405 74 No Related Children 232 6 Total 706 113 PERSONS BY POVERTY STATUS IN 1979 -BY AGE Above Below Povert v Povert v Under 55 Years 20,146 978 55 to 59 Years 1,378 103 60 to 64 Years 910 28 65 Years and Over 2309 290 Total 24,743 1,399 Increases in housing costs over the last several years have outdistanced the rise in income over the same period. Housing cost has risen dramatically for many reasons the most prominent of which are: market demand exceeding supply, rise in the price of land, rise in construction costs and rise in financing costs, taxes and fees. In Santa Clara County, the housing cost has been particularly acute due to the rapid industrial growth over the last few years and the demand for housing that comes with it. Between 1966 and 1971 the cost of a median priced new home in Santa Clara County increased 1 percent, with a corresponding rise in median income of 36 percent. From 1971 to 1978 however, median housing prices rose from $24,300 to $76,000 a 216 percent increase, while median income rose only 62% from $12,670 to $20,570. Los Gatos is part of this larger housing market and it is assumed that the Town has experienced the same if not a greater escalation in housing cost over the last several years due to the highly developed nature of the Town and its desirability as a place to live. The relative shortage of rental units, especially in the lower rental ranges, and the high cost of ownership dramatically affects the ability of low and moderate income citizens and families of the Town to find suitable housing within the Town. According to ABAG estimates, the median housing value in Los Gatos in 1981 was $209,320 - By 1988, that figure had risen to $345,161, a 64.9% increase (Regional Housing Needs Determination Data Sheet, August 31, 1988). During Me same period, median household income rose from $32,723 in 1981 to $52,335 in 1988, a 59.9% increase (dollars are not adjusted for inflation). A major effect of rapidly rising housing costs has been an increasing percentage of household income spent for shelter. As the percentage of income spent for shelter rises, less money is available for a household to spend on other necessities. This effect is more acutely felt among the lower income groups because they have much less total income at their disposal. Where in the past 25% of gross monthly income spent for shelter was considered affordable by lending institutions, today it has become necessary to spend 30 -33% of gross monthly income for shelter. As the proportion of income required to meet monthly housing costs rises, more households are priced out of the housing market. In Los Gatos, according to the 1980 Census, 29% of owner- occupied households and 54% of renter households paid more than 25% of their gross monthly income for shelter. According to ABAG estimates based on the 1980 census, 38% of the Town's low income owners, and 81% of the low income renters paid more than 25% of their gross monthlyincome for shelter. ABAG estimates that the County had a higher percentage of lowincome owners, 42% and a lower percentage of low income renters, 68% overpaying for housing. ABAG has made the following estimates reflecting the number of Los Gatos households overpaying for housing in 1980: Total Number Households Overpaying Low Income Households Owning 1,063 408 Low Income Households Renting 1,860 1,510 (Housing Needs Determinations September 1988) The Town has geographically targeted concentrations of these households in need. Their location appears in the Technical Appendix. In sum, the Town exhibits a relatively high median income, but is not insulated from the ever increasing cost of housing which has increased more rapidly than incomes over the last several years. The Town also has a significant number of households overpaying for shelter, many of which are elderly and lower income households. b. Housing Supplv In 1970 the Census reported that the existing housing stock was 11,014 units within the Town and the unincorporated lands within the Urban Service Area. In 1981 this figure had risen to 12,170 units according to the Vacant and Developable Land Survey conducted by the Town. The Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) estimated in its 1981 Housing Needs Report that Los Gatos had 10,863 housing units within the incorporated area in 1980. The Town's Vacant and Developable Land Use Survey established the existing housing stock within the incorporated area at 10,979 in April 1981. Over the years, annexation, as well as new construction, has accounted for a significant portion of the increases in the number of housing units within the Town. In fact, new construction of dwelling units has dropped significantly in the early 1980's and has since leveled off as demonstrated in the following chart: 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1985 1986 19871988 1989 Residential Building Permits 167 253 175 75 22 57 80 56 66 40 49 According to 1989 Department of Finance data, there were 11,802 housing units in fire incorporated area, 69.6% (8,220) single family, 29.5% (3482) multi - family, and 1% (118) mobile homes. (Actual number of mobile homes counted by the Los Gatos Planning Department was 136). The percentages change significantly in the unincorporated areas where 97 percent of the housing units are single family, 2 percent are two family and 1 percent are multiple family. Two major factors contribute to the large amount of less intensive single family development in the unincorporated areas, they are: (1) County ordinances require annexation to the Town prior to any intensification of use; and (2) Much of the unincorporated area is located within environmentally sensitive hillside areas. ABAG estimated that in 1980, 67% of the households in Town were owner occupied and 33% were renter occupied. The 1980 census indicated, however, that 61 % of the residential units in Town were owner occupied, while 36% were renter occupied. According to 1988 ABAG estimates, 63% of the households in the Town were owner occupied and 37% were renter occupied. Within the entire County there is a relative shortage of rental units especially in the lower income ranges. Apartment construction has dramatically slowed in recent years as a regional trend. Additionally, housing purchase costs have risen so rapidly that home ownership has become increasingly difficult for an increasing number of households and demand for rental units has increased. Thus, the reduction in supply and increase in demand has made the rental housing vacancy rate drop. In fact, the rental vacancy rate has dropped from 4.0 percent in 1975 to 2.4 percent in 1978 county wide, with a slight increase to 2.9% in 1989. Los Gatos controls the conversion of existing rental stock to condominiums through provisions of the Town code that limit conversions so that, "each building which is to be divided will meet current code standards for new construction ". As a result, from 1975 to the present there have been no conversions of rental stock to condominiums in the Town. The Town has also worked to preserve the rental housing stock through the Secondary Unit Program. Under the program, all illegal secondary units which were able to meet health and safety codes were eligible for a Secondary Dwelling Unit Permit Between 1985 and 1990, 349 Secondary Dwelling Unit Permits were granted for existing units_ In 1990, the Town's Zoning Ordinance and General Plan were amended to permit the filing of applications for new secondary dwelling units. Due to the recent passage of these amendments no applications were filed in 1990. Another important source of affordable housing is the Town's two mobile home parks, housing 136 homes, 70 percent of which are owner - occupied. Both parks are over 20 years old and so are many of the coaches within them. As a result, the deterioration of this housing stock has become a problem. The Town's rehabilitation program includes a voluntary program for the rehabilitation of mobile homes. Between 1978 and 1982 the program rehabilitated 36 mobile homes (estimated 100% of those needing rehabilitation). All of the owners of these mobile homes are senior citizens with income below 50% of the Santa Clara County median income for single persons over the age of 65. In an effort to preserve the parks, on January 1, 1986, the Town rezoned the mobile home park lands exclusively for mobile homes. Later in July 1988, the Town also adopted a mobile home conversion ordinance which creates uniform procedures and standards for reasonable relocation benefits in the case of closure, conversion or change in use of either of the mobile home parks. The Town again sought to preserve small affordable homes in the aftermath of the October 17, 1989 Earthquake. The Town initiated a streamlined permit process and exempted application fees for earthquake reconstruction. In order to discourage expansion of existing homes, the Town restricted the streamline process to applicants pursuing only reconstruction. Earthquake reconstruction is defined as replacement of an existing structure, by new structure with the floor area, setbacks and exterior identical to previous structures. The Town has no assisted housing developments which are eligible to change to non -low- income uses during the next ten years . For any assisted housing developments proposed, the Town requires a minimum 30 year deed restriction on all units funded, to maintain rents or resale values affordable to low and income households. Gverall vaeaney Fate for housing In the Town was 2.3596 in !97� -��ates. in 49319, a Postal Survey ;ewealed'� vaeariey rate of 2.09G. The 1980 census listed a vacancy rate in Los Gatos of 3.9 %. According to Department of Finance estimates, the vacancy rate had dropped to 2.68% by 1989. The vacancy rate within a given housing market is a valuable indicator of the availability of housing for rent or sale. in an ideal market, some number of housing units should remain vacant to allow adequate selection opportunities for households seeking new residences. A vacancy rate of 5 percent is considered appropriate for adequate selection opportunities. Additionally, these vacant units should be evenly distributed across various housing types, sizes, price ranges and locations within the market. The vacancy rates for both rental and owner housing units in Los Gatos indicate that less than adequate housing selections exist. This tight housing market is likely to continue to be felt in Los Gatos where a limited amount of land remains available for new housing development and housing demand is high. For several years Santa Clara County has been experiencing a light housing market. ABAG has estimated that Los Gatos has an existing ( +980} (1988) housing units shortage of 5958 units. This estimate was calculated based on existing vacancy rate and determination of a vacancy rate that would bring the housing market in the Town nearer to an equilibrium of supply and demand. To establish Los Gatos' share of future housing needs over a five year period, as required by AB2853, ABAG calculated the projected housing needs for the Town for the 9980 1998 1988- 1995 decade period as: 9234 553 dwelling units. There were 842 89 dwelling units added to the Town's housing stock in the 1980 1908 during the period of 1988 -1989. The additional units served above moderate income groups since they were all single- family units which sold for over the median housing value. This leaves a projected need for 1984-9990 1990 -1995 of 97-2 464 dwelling units. ABAG also distributed the housing need across income group categories and established the 1980 4990 1988 -1995 share for Los Gatos as follows: Need Actual Under through Gonstruetion 9983 Very Low Income (not exceeding 50% county median income =) 244105 0 18 Low Income (50 - 80% county median income') 49383 14 ** Moderate Income (80 -120% county median income=) 257-111 8* ** 12 ** Above Moderate Income (above 120% county median income-) 590254 298 apprEw. 168 — Viila-Vasena Wider Avenue + ** M meta , , BMP units o * Determined by the U.S. Department of Housing and Community Development (ABAG, Housing Needs Determinations. September 1988) In sum, the existing housing market that includes Los Gatos has created a less than adequate choice of housing opportunities in both rental and owner households, as documented by low vacancy rates and ABAG estimates of existing housing short fall. Further exeept for the un known peiential--o�� 7the regional housing share established by ABAG for the Town eannot could be met under existing General Plan maximum 1990zoning development potentials. C. Household Size Aeeording tathe 1980 Gensus, Los Gatos 'a' an average V42.-6 I--., d*a—ing unit. A nationwide trend of decreasing number of persons per dwelling unit has also affected Los Gatos. This trend is the result of a large percentage of senior citizens in the Town, children of the 1950's baby boom leaving home, an increased divorce rate and a drop in the marriage rate. According to the i 979 1 I.A.P. applieation, Les Gates does have an uvercrowding problem. ABAG projects household size in Los Gatos to drop from an estimated 2.48 persons per household in 1985 to 2.38 in 1995, and again to 2.34 in 2005. According to Department of Finance estimates, Los Gatos had an average of 2.39 persons per dwelling unit in 1988. d. Housing Condition The Town of Los Gatos is one of Santa Clara County's oldest communities. A significant portion of the housing stock is relatively old and includes many historically significant homes. Given the age of many of these homes, especially in the Downtown area, rehabilitation and repair needs have become increasingly apparent. In 1975, the Town established a Housing Conservation Program to address the need of rehabilitating older units. Through this program, the Town provides financial assistance for the rehabilitation of existing housing 10 and mobile home units. Loans provided by this program are at a low interest rate of o% to 3 %. The Housing Conservation Program is designed to assist primarily lower - income households with both financial assistance and construction supervision. Utilizing grants from the federal government's 'Community Development Block Grant' (CDBG) program and from paybacks of Housing Conservation Program Loans, funds are loaned out to eligible property owners. Town staff works in conjunction with staff from the County of Santa Clara to administer the programs. Between 1985 and 1990, 30 single -family residences and one four-plex were rehabilitated through this program. Approximately 20 of the rehabilitated units were occupied by senior citizens. As of March 1991, the Town had a record of approximately 785 earthquake damaged residential buildings. Of the damaged buildings, 72 percent only needed chimney repairs, 27.5 percent needed foundation repair and /or reconstruction of portions of the structure and 0.5 percent of the damaged buildings were beyond repair. Of the 785 damaged buildings, 575 have received building permits for rehabilitation and 37 have been demolished (18 of which had replacement structures approved). The Town is aware that five of the damaged buildings, all of which are not considered affordable units, have severe damage and will most likely require demolition. e. Housing Related Support Services There are three non -profit agencies that are offering housing - related services in the Los Gatos area. The Shared Housing Program is operated by Catholic Charities and helps match single parenthouseholds forthe purpose of reducing housing costs. The Information and Referral Program offers housing counseling and mediation services to Los Gatos households. Information is provided regarding fair housing, tenant /landford rights, deposits, and similar rental issues. Another agency, Project Sentinel, provides a variety of services in Los Gatos to reduce the incidence of illegal discrimination in housing, to investigate allegations of discrimination and to provide means of redress to persons who have been the victims of such discrimination. f. Redevelopment Agency In 1989 the Town Council formed a Redevelopment Agency and designated a Redevelopment Survey Area in 1991. The Redevelopment Program is expected to be established in 1992. At least 20% of the Redevelopment tax increment funds generated from 11 this program will be spent on very low, low and moderate income housing. Between 1992 and 1995, the Los Gatos Redevelopment Agency expects to collect $114,000 in funds. Once the program has gained momentum, the funds collected will represent a significant and valuable resource for the Town in producing housing opportunities for very low, low and moderate income households. 4. Suitable Sites: To further assess the future potential for housing in the Town, 18 sites were examined in detail as part of the General Plan process. These sites are discussed in the Land Use Element. Assessment was made of their development potential, unhindered by existing General Plan designations. Considered were traffic and access, surrounding land use compatibility, noise, environmental constraints and community desires. Based on the above assessment criteria a portion of these sites should be designated for residential uses at various densities to attempt to meet the housing needs of the Town. Subsequent to this examination, the following changes have occurred to three of the 18 sites. One of the sites has partially been developed as a 107 unit low income senior citizen housing project. Part of the remaining piece of that site has been rezoned by the Town for a low income family housing project. Another site has been approved for a 175 unit senior care residential facility and construction began in 1990. The last changed site has recently been partially approved for 33 residential units, five of which will be designated as Below Market Price units. An additional site has been identified for a potential intensification of land use from single - family to multi - family use. The site is located on the east side of University Avenue west of Highway 17 just south of Saratoga Avenue. The zoning is multi- family residential The main concerns for development of this site are potential traffic and grading impacts. Listed below is a breakdown of the remaining vacant or underdeveloped land by zoning Classification. The table indicates that there is a total of 210 acres of underdeveloped land in the Town. It is estimated that 165 to 599 new units could be developed on this acreage. The table also indicates that there is a total of 50 acres of vacant land in Me Town. It is estimated that 125 to 425 new units could be developed on this acreage. Until an actual development application is filed, it is unclear exactly at what density a parcel will be developed. Therefore, the vacant /underdeveloped land inventory includes a range of potential new units. This range was calculated using the minimum and maximum level of density permitted. As stated in the Housing Supply section of this element, the Town's projected housing need for 1990 -1995 is 464 dwelling units. The inventory of vacantand underdeveloped land indicates that More is sufficient land zoned for up to a maximum of 1,024 new units. This inventory does not include commercial land which could also be developed with a residential use nor does it take into account density bonuses. Therefore, the Town has sufficient land to accommodate the newhousing construction needed. 5. 9 Underdeveloped Land Summary Amount of Acreage Zoning Range of Potential Units Household Income 177 acres Low 0-257 0-5 units /acre Upper/Moderate 21 acres Medium 105-117 5-12 units /acre Upper/Moderate 12 acres High 60-225 5-20 units /acre Upper/Moderate Low/Very Low 210 acres 165-599 Vacant Land Summary Amount of Acreage Zoning Range of Potential Units Household Income 25 acres Low 0-125 0-5 units /acre Upper/moderate 25 acres Medium 125-300 5-12 units /acre Upper/Moderate 0 acres High 0 5-20 units /acre Upper/Moderate Low/Very Low 50 acres 125-425 Government Constraints: The subject of governmental constraints is continuously changing as laws, statutes, rules and regulations are modified and enacted. These changes can occur at the State and Federal levels and thereafter become standards and requirements which must be satisfied by local governments. Local governments affect the supply, distribution and cost of housing through land use controls, building codes, development permits, processing fees, and property taxes. Land Use Controls The Town's policies for development are set forth in the General Plan, which contains nine state - mandated elements dealing with the issues of land use, circulation, housing, noise, safety, seismic safety, open space, conservation and scenic highways. While issues and policies related to housing are addressed primarily in the Housing Element, policies contained in all of the other elements significantly affect the character location and production of housing. The Land Use Element establishes the amount and distribution of various land uses throughout the Town and determines the location and types of housing constructed within the Town. The density of housing development allowed under the General Plan Land use designations further determines the type of housing that is developed. The existing General Plan recognizes the natural constraints of steep slope, flood and geologic hazards by reducing allowable housing densities in these areas. The above constraints placed on housing are necessary to protect the public health and safety. Additionally, the General Plan designates the Route 85 corridor, eliminating potential land for residential development. 13 design, thus adding4&-eests- Los Gatos has adopted the Uniform Building Code (UBC), which establishes minimum construction standards. The UBC is necessary for the proper construction and maintenance of residential units and is not considered a constraint to housing production. The UBC has been amended by the Town which affects construction of residential units, but the amendment results in a minimal cost to the project and is needed to avoid extensive costs at a later date ff retrofitting of the residence is needed for additional livability features, such as grab bars in the bathroom and wider doorways. The Town may impose more stringent standards, but it cannot adopt any which are below those of the UBC. These standards, which are not part of Me UBC, include development standards which limit the size of residence to preserve moderate priced housing and protect the architectural heritage and streetscapes of Town and to insure that solar accessibility will not be impacted on adjacent parcels. Generally, major additions to a residence will result in a considerably higher price residence than what is existing. Handicapped accessibility and adaptability requirements are also enforced to provide housing for physically disabled persons. The requirements set forth by the Town under Zoning and Subdivision controls include minimum lot sizes and setbacks, which may place constraints on the economic or physical viability of a site for housing development. These constraints may be reduced ff a Planned Development (PD) is filed for a parcel containing more than 40,000 sq. ft. or if the purpose of the development is to provide housing for low income senior citizens. The purpose of the PD zone is to provide for alternative uses and developments more consistent with site characteristics than are allowed in any other zones, and so create an optimum quantity and use of open space and good design. The PD zone permits establishments of a single use or the integration of several uses not ordinarily permitted by regulations of other zones. As part of a development proposal, residential developments must provide the required parking, street improvements and utilities which may place economic or physical constraints on the site However, the basic infrastructure needed to serve new residences on in -fill sites is already in Place throughout the Town. The Town is currently in process of proposing a reduction to the required size of parking stalls. This reduction, in some mslances, will reduce the area required for parking. The Town also permits shared parking and a reduction in the required number of spaces if the reduction can be justified The size and number of sidewalks and street widths could be reduced if a Planned Development application is filed as w plained above. b. Hillside DeVelOnment The Hillside Specific Plan adopted by the Town in 1979 places limits on residential construction based on a slope density formula developed after in -depth study of the existing topography and problem areas. The change in permitted density resulted in a loss of approximately 20-40 residential units_ However, these units may never have been permitted due to the physical constraints ofthe lot (i.e., slope, access, availability of services). Additional policies in the Hillside Specific Plan cover circulation and access, provision of services and maintenance of scenic resources in the Hillside Plan area. These also contribute to limiting the potential of residential development, but are considered necessary to protect the safety of the residents in the hillside areas and the integrity of the natural environment. The Blossom Hill Open Space Study completed on July 18, 1989, outlined a strategy for improved implementation of hillside development policies and on May 21, 1990, the Town modified the Hillside Development Standards to further protect the natural terrain. c. Tic Over the last few years, the Town's tic policy has been the most significant governmental constraint to the construction of affordable housing. On January 4, 1988, the Town Council adopted amendments to the Town -wide Critical Intersection Traffic Impact Policy Statement, the General Plan and Zoning Ordinance regarding traffic impacts. The amended policy considered 14 traffic as the primary consideration in approval or denial of a project. Although the policy Provided for certain exceptions, it required a statement of overriding consideration to approve any project that generated a single trip or more through an unmitigable intersection during the Peak hour. In order to make a statement of overriding considerations, an Environmental Impact Report (EIR) had to be prepared which created a significant economic impact on the applicant and also greatly extended the permit process. For a project that would generate a minimal amount of traliic, the cost of a consultant to prepare a traffic report is approximately $4,000.00 to $6,000.00. Also, for an Environmental Impact Report, the cost is approximately $10,000. On July 2, 1990, the Town Council amended the tic policy to allow approval of a project if it is determined that the benefits outweigh the impact of increased traffic, provided traffic mitigation measures are required and specific sections of the General Plan and Specific Plan clearly state that the type of project will benefit the community. Traffic mitigation measures may be exempt by the Town Council for housing projects restricted to seniors, and very low and low income residents and for mixed use projects that provide residential units in nonresidential zone. In the areas where residential land is underdeveloped, public services and facilities are available to the sites and the streets can accommodate the additional traffic to be generated. d. Government Fees and Permits Processing time, permits and fees may contribute to constraining housing development. Reducing processing time could potentially lower housing costs to a certain degree; however, Los Gatos exhibits processing times that are of comparatively short duration (minimum two month processing time to get to the Planning Commission, depending on the applicant's ability to meet Town requirements to deem the application complete). It is Town policy to give priority processing to projects which include low income units. Fees are collected by the Town to help cover the costs of permit processing, inspections, environmental impact determinations, and other administrative expenses. These fees are based on an adopted rate schedule. In 1990, the Town conducted an extensive analysts of fees and charges for Planning Department services_ The study included a fee comparison of other jurisdictions, dated February 1, 1990, within the Santa Clara County. At that time, the fees for a new single- familyresidence in Los Gatos ranged from $boo to $1,900. Other jurisdictions ranged from $100 to $1,150. The fees for a multi- family development in Los Gatos were $1,700 +$8o per unit Other jurisdictions ranged from $613 to $11,400. As land use densities increase,the proportion of the cost borne by each unit decreases, effectuating economies of a scale for higher density developments. it is Town policy to waive exempt application fees for low income housing projects. The Town also exempted application fees through the streamlined permit process for earthquake reconstruction facilitated recovery from the October 17, 1989 Earthquake. e. Proposition 13 In the long run, governmental constraints will continue to constrain housing availability. The effects of Proposition 13 are particularly apparent in this regard. to One effect of Proposition 13 has been to deter the mobility of homeowners. A second effect has been a reduction in Town revenues. Those losses must be offset in part by increased or new fees and amenity provisions by developers, which in turn may increase development costs of homes and rental units. Additionally, local jurisdictions have become unwilling to extend services to new developments, as opposed to the past, because tax revenues realized do not meet costs. As a result, developers are now required to finance extension of services, increasing the cost and resultant selling price of units constructed. 15 6. Non - Governmental Constraints There is a demand for a wide variety of housing types at different price ranges which closely parallels the characteristics of the market population. The housing demands which are met depend upon the developer's perception of the demand, the availability of land for various types of residential development, the costs of land, construction and financing, and the developer's opportunity to profit. The major cause of increasing new home prices in all regions has been the cost of buildable land. The costs are associated with the acquisition and improvement of land, including the market price of raw land, the costs of holding land throughout the development process and necessary improvements to the land prior to construction. All of these components comprise the "finished" lot and are estimated to contribute 25 to 35 percent to the final sales prices of new homes. The cost of holding land during the development process is determined by the interest rates of acquisition and development loans. The rate of interest for these loans generally runs 2 to 4 percent higher than the prime interest rate. These costs are not within the control of the local government, but rather a function of the regional and national economy. However, processing time, which has an impact on holding costs, is within the jurisdiction of the Town. Efficiently executed processing can help reduce sales prices by reducing processing time to a minimum. Recognizing this, the Town has established a staff Development Review Committee that meets weekly with applicants for development. The availability of land for residential development within the Town is very limited, creating a premium price for developable land, approximately million dollars per acre. There are veryfew vacant lots, so land costs inevitably involve the additional costs of acquisitions and clearance of existing structures, or of integrating new development with all or part of an existing structure. Left alone, the rapidly escalating market price of land will tend to encourage higher priced development. Higher density zoning may reduce the cost per unit of land, but land zoned for higher densities commands a higher market price. Density bonuses rather than zoning changes may be a preferred vehicle for reducing land costs in Los Gatos. Construction costs represent between 40 and 50 percent of the sales price of new homes, depending upon the level of amenities and type and amount of units constructed. According to local builders, the 1990 estimates for new construction costs for residential units range from $60 per square foot to $110+ per square foot For homes with additional amenities such as upgraded floor and wall materials, expensive countertop and plumbing fixtures, etc., the square footage cost can increase up to $150 +per square foot. "Bare bones" construction, or a reduction in amenities and quality of materials to the minimum level of acceptability for health, safety, and adequate performance, could help reduce new housing costs. Requiring developers to provide sewers, streets, open space, and other public facilities adds to the price of new housing, as these costs are passed on to the buyer. Construction costs may be increased by special construction methods which may be necessary for mitigation of flood hazards, excessive noise levels, seismic safety and other environmental conditions. Another cost factor is the location of development Los Gatos is comprised of flat and hillside lands. Hillside homes add to the price of new housing due to the development constraints relating to the engineering of the house, public improvements, grading, retaining walls and drainage. An additional construction cost factor is related to the number of units built at the same time. As this number increases, construction costs over the entire development are reduced because earlier build -out reduces the effect of inflation on prices, and some costs can be lowered by buying and installing materials in larger quantity. This factor may provide an additional benefit when density bonuses were and are utilized. Unfortunately, with the predominantly small parcels remaining large scale development is limited. IR Estimated Average Housing Development Costs 1) Land a. lots suitable for single family houses (8,000 - 10,000 sq. ff.) Hills. $250,000 - 500,000 Flatlands. $225,000 - 350,000 b. lots suitable for townhouses and low -rise apartments $20,000 - 70,000 per unit depending on location $50,000 per unit average 2) Site improvements and contingencies: $10 - 15 per sq. ft. 3) Construction costs. $60 - 110 per sq. ft. 4) Indirect costs: $18 - 22 per sq. ft. (Includes architect, engineering, legal and consultant fees, plan check and approval fees, traffic mitigation fees, utility hook up, soils analysis, testing and inspection fees, appraisal, fine recording and escrow fees and others) 5) Financing. $6 - 8 per sq. ft. 6) Developer overhead. $6 - 8 per sq. fL 7) Marketing: $5 - 6 per sq. It Source: Discussions with local housing developers and contractors. Financing problems have also contributed to constraining the housing market. The impact of interest rates on housing is substantial, both for rentefs and purehasers, the requlre� down payment fney be an obstaele to obtaining suitable housing to both the ability of home buyers to afford purchasing suitable housing and the ability of residential developers to construct feasible rental or for sale housing projects. According to the United States Department of Commerce, during the past ten years, mortgage interest rates have fluctuated from about 12 percent in January 1980 to a peak over 16 percent in mid -1982 to a low of under 10 percent in 1989. During the next five years, it is likely that interest rates will continue to fluctuate. Rising interest rates for buyers could eliminate the ability to purchase housing unless incomes rise in a corresponding manner. Rising interest rates for construction and permanent financing for a developer means increased carrying costs during the development process and can result in lowered profits. If interest rates are too high, many developers will choose to not build housing and will wait for the interest rates to fall. Therefore, rising interest rates can have a significant impact on both the demand and supply for housing. Conventional financing generally requires 10 to 20 percent of the sales prices be paid as a down payment. Accumulating such a large amount of capital can be a problem for first time entrants into the housing market. Households which are relocating will often have enough equity in a previous residence to meet the down payment requirements of the next home. Government insured loan programs may be available to reduce down payment requirements considerably if the household and desired property met certain qualifications. Veteran's Administration (V.A.) loans require no down payment but have an upper limit on purchase price. Federal Housing Administration (F.H.A.) insured loans usually call for approximately a 5 percent down payment with a limit on the loan amount. These types of financing generally require the seller to pay additional money, called points, to compensate the lender for lower interest rates. Major financial problems occurred between July and November of 1990 when the County experienced a sharp decline in market value for new homes. Lenders could not project the value of residence and appraisals were therefore inadequate. During this period, lenders pulled back on long term financing which in turn affected developers who could not get short term construction financing. Another major problem which has affected financing for unincorporated parcels located in the hillside area was the 1989 earthquake. Due to the uncertainty of the stability of the site, some property owners in the County have been unable to obtain financing to rebuild their homes. Aside from the two financial problems noted above, no other problems dealing with the availability of financing exist, according to local developers which would affect the maintenance, improvement, or development of new or rehabilitated housing for all income levels. 17 There are other financing programs available that can aid low and moderate income households to obtain adequate housing. Graduated monthly payment mortgages allow a purchaser to make smaller monthly payments during the early years of the loan and larger monthly payments during later years when, it is likely, that, income will have increased. Low interest loans may be available through mortgage backed revenue bonds. Still other financing mechanisms continue to emerge as a result of escalating housing and money costs. These mechanisms are primarily designed to allow the resale of housing to take place when mortgage interest rates are high and to protect lenders from fluctuating interest rates. 7. Special Housing Needs: a. Handicapped - While certain handicapped persons (blind, deaf or others with physical disabilities) may live comfortably without special housing accommodations, persons with ambulatory handicaps requiring wheelchairs often need specially designed barrier -free housing that is affordable. This lack of accessibilitypreventsthephysica ltydisabledperson from living an independent and active life. The Economic and Social Opportuni8es, Inc. operates a home access grant program in the County which provides home modifications for very low and low income handicapped households. In many cases, households have members who are both elderly and physically disabled kandieat3ped. The Housing Assistance Plan has grouped handicapped households with elderly households, see b). The actual number of handicapped residents in Los Gatos is not available by the 1980 census, Los Gatos or County handicapped programs or the County's Urban Analysis Department. However, information will be made available between 1991 and 1993. b. Elderly - In Los Gatos, there were in 1980 a total of 602 renter occupied households of persons 65 years and older. In 1980 there were a total of 215 elderly households (65 years and older) which were below the poverty level Because many elderly households operate on a fixed income, the escalating housing costs associated with the demand for housing and the ever increasing housing maintenance costs, place some households in the position of needing housing and rental subsidy assistance. In 1989, the Town approved a 175 -unit senior care residential facility, The Terraces, which will help to ease the situation- s. Female Heads of Households - This special need category has dramatically increased in number of recent years. Based on the 1980 census, there were 819 female heads of households in Los Gatos. The 1979 Housing Assistance Plan (H.A.P.) indicated that 743 female - headed households required assistance, of which 337 were elderly. One of the major needs of female- headed households is affordable, suitably sized housing units. The Shared Housing Program of Catholic Social Services assists manysingle parenthouseholds in Los Gatos. The program matches households in shared housing arrangements and the majority of their clients are single parent households - d. Large Households - In 1980, there were 858 households in occupied housing units of five or more, 86 of which were renter occupied and 772 of which were owner occupied. The 1980 census also indicated that there were 867 households in Los Gatos with five or more persons. For the County as a whole, these households are typically of lower incomes and many times a family is overcrowded because it cannot find a house large enough to accommodate more than the traditional four person family. No census information was available to determine how marry large households in Los Gatos were of low income- Due to the need for large family housing in ffie late 1980's and early 19906, the Town encouraged developers to design Below Market Price (BMP) units to accommodate large families. In 1990, the objective of the BMP Housing Program was amended to maximize the number of people who benefit from the BMP housing units - Applications for any BMP unit is prioritized according to categories and then in order of household size. ff.] e. Homeless - A special housing concern is the homeless_ In 1989, the Santa Clara County Board of Supervisors appointed the Homeless Overview Study Task Force to study homelessness in the County. According to their report Homelessness in Santa Clara County. 1989, New Faces and Hidden Costs it was estimated that there are between 1,800 - 2,000 homeless individuals on any given day in Santa Clara County. The task force did note that one of the major reasons for homelessness in the County is the lack of affordable housing. Many of the homeless have been reported as having a substance abuse problem and therefore cannot afford housing. Other factors which contribute to homelessness is unemployment and rite mental stability of a person. The Task Force daily count, conducted on August 29, 1989, revealed that 43% of the homeless are 18 years of age or younger. A total of 357 children were counted, with 149 (42% of all homeless children) under the age of five. Over 200 families with children were identified; • two-thirds of these families had more than one child. Nine percent (9 %) of the homeless counted were between the ages of 45 and 64, only one percent (1 %) were over 65. Of the 353 homeless persons surveyed who indicated their last place of residence, 6% were from the south county. According to the Los Gatos Police Department estimates, there are a total of ten to fifteen, single homeless persons who live in Los Gatos. However, during the winter months, the majority of the homeless people in Los Gatos relocate to rice San Jose area. According to a local agency, there are an average of five homeless persons on any given day in Los Gatos. These people generally live in their cars and travel between nearby community centers and libraries of Los Gatos, Saratoga, and Campbell In Los Gatos, the homeless are generally over 21 years of age and approximately 90 percent are male. Listed below are five localions where homeless persons sleep at night in the Town of Los Gatos: L Under the bridge at the overpass of Saratoga Avenue and Highway 17 2. Along the west side of the Los Gatos Creek behind the Los Gatos Mobile Home Park- 3. Along the west side of Los Gatos Creek which runs parallel with Miles Avenue. 4. Along the east side of Highway 17 adjacent to rite Los Gatos High School. 5. North of Vasona Lake just below the dam. The Salvation Army operates a voucher program in Los Gatos which local residents can turn to in emergency situations_ The vouchers can be exchanged for food, gas and lodging and are available at four voucher distribution centers in Los Gatos: 1. The Senior Coordinating Council, Neighborhood Center, 208 E. Main St., Los Gatos 2. St. Luke's Episcopal Church, 20 University Ave., Los Gatos 3_ The Los Gatos Police Department 110 E. Main St., Los Gatos 4. First United Methodist Church, 19 High School Cl., Los Gatos The centers issue approximately 150 vouchers annuaity, an estimated 5% are issued to homeless people. However, the vouchers are for one time help only. The program primarily serves local people during hard times. Those in need of shelter are sometimes sentto local hotels in nearby communities, or if transportation is available, to the Salvation Army shelter on 41h Street in San Jose. The issuer determines the value of the voucher. Vouchers are also given for food and gasoline which can be used at specific grocery stores and gas stations located in Los Gatos. Some of the churches also provide food directly to an individual in need_ 19 Overcrowded Households - An overcrowded household is one in which there is more than one person per room in a living structure (room is generally defined as any room in the structure except for kitchens and bathrooms). The mean number of rooms in year round housing units in Los Gatos in 1980 was 5.66. In Los Gatos time 1980 census indicated that there were 858 overcrowded housing units. g. Farmworkers - According to the 1980 census, no farmworkers resided within the Town. In October 1990, there were an estimated 4,700 agricultural farmworkers in Santa Clara County, based on information provided by the California Employment Development Department of Labor Market information. No information was available for individual jurisdictions_ Based on the high housing prices in Los Gatos and due to the fact that mere are no farmlands or large greenhouses in Los Gatos, it is highly unlikely that any farmworkers reside in Town. 8. Eneray Conservation: Much of the housing stock in Los Gatos was constructed during a time of abundant and relatively cheap fossil fuel supplies. Many of the homes in the Town with historical significance reflect the abundance of cheap energy supplies by exhibiting a lack of adequate insulation and lack of orientation to maximize passive solar energy benefits. The Energy Element identifies needs within the Town and establishes policies and implementation measures to achieve energy efficiency and encourage the use of solar energy. in ten-F!'18 0 development in the Town, it is established that revision to e3Elsting _development regulations need The Development Review Committee encourages applicants to design dwelling units to take full advantage of solar energy and recommends specific tree species and their location to provide winter solar access and summer shade_ The Committee considers design of lot, size and configuration to permit orientation of a structure in an east -west alignment of southern exposure and to take advantage of shade or prevailing breezes. In order to protect solar access to adjacent lots, time Town requires shadow studies for buildings over one story in height. Through the public hearing process, citizens can express any concern of shadow impacts which are then carefully considered by the deciding body. For all Planned Developmentprojects, the TownreviewsprcjectCovenants, ConditionsandRestrictions (CC &R's) for the protection of solar access_ In addition, solar hot water heaters are required on all new residential buildings where solar access is available, and natural gas is not available. Pre - plumbing for solar water heaters is required on all other new residential construction where solar access is available. The Town also requires solar energy as the primary means of heating new swimming pools, where solar access is available. 9. Quantified Objectives: Listed below is a summary of the quantified objectives for new construction, affordable units and rehabilitation of existing units: New Construction - 464 new units Affordability - 105 units - very low income 83 units - low income 111 units - moderate income 165 units - above moderate income Rehabilitation - 25 owner occupied units 5 renter occupied units 20 3.3 ISSUES 1. Senior Citizens: The 1980 Census indicated a proportionately large percentage of the Los Gatos population is in the age bracket of 65 and above (12 percent as opposed to the County's 7.4 percent). As this segment of our population becomes dependent on fixed incomes, which do not keep pace with costs of older home maintenance, and as they find it increasingly difficult to meet the physical demands of maintenance of a residential structure, they are forced to seek substitute housing. The smaller percentage of rental units in the lower rent scale and the low vacancy factor have often forced these senior citizens to move out of the community into an unfamiliar environment. Given these facts, how can the Town help provide senior housing affordable to and adapted to the special needs of seniors? 2. Maintenance and Preservation of Older Homes: The large number of modest, older residential structures within the Town of Los Gatos provides the main housing inventory for senior citizens and first time home buyers. These homes are also critical elements of the Town's history and character as addressed in the Town's Historic Preservation Element . ' How ean the fi hemes be provided? What can the Town do to ensure that this important segment of the Town's housing stock is preserved? 3. Depletion of Rental Market: Census information indicates that there is a relative shortage of rental units of all types, and the Town's land use survey indicates that there is little land available for the construction of new units. Conversion of existing rental apartments to condominium ownership is not advantageous to the Town for the following reasons: a. Conversion will deplete the number of rental units available. b. Conversion may displace persons and families who have neither the desire nor the resources to buy their unit. What can the Town do to discourage such conversion? How can the Town maintain the existing percentage of rental units? without ehanaina the rati What can the Town do to encourage Me construction of rental housing? 4. Housing Market: The Town of Los Gatos does not encompass an entire housing market. How can any unilateral action on the pan of the Town have a significant effect on the housing market? How can the Town contribute towards the regional jobs housing balance? 5. SuMly of Very Low. Low and Moderate Income Housing: 21 The relative shortage of rental units, especially in the lower rental ranges, and the high cost of home ownership dramatically affects the ability of very low, low and moderate income citizens and families of the Town to find suitable housing within the Town. What is should be the Town's role in providing very low, low and moderate income housing? What can the Town do to provide opportunities for housing for young adults (eg., first time home buyers, young adults who were raised in the Town and single heads of households)? 6. Quality of Life: Suggested solutions for the creation of affordable and accessible housing may affect the quality of fife for current and future residents of the Town. How do we encourage the creation of affordable and accessible housing which will add to the quality of life in the Town? 7, Homelessness: Although only a small number of the County's homeless reside in Los Gatos, homelessness is a serious concern. What can the Town do to address homelessness? 78. Mobile Home Parks: Mobile home parks provide needed affordable housing for seniors and others in the How can the Town preserve the affordable housing provided by the its existing mobile home parks? 9. Transportation and Energy Conservation Regional issues of air quality, jobs - housing balance, energy prices, and transportation efficiency portend significant changes over the next five to twenty years in how Town residents commute, shop, and how and where homes and places of work are constructed. How can the Town plan for and take advantage of these changes with respect to new development, urban design and the location and energy efficiency of its housing stock? 3.4 GOALS To improve the maintain a choice of housing opportunities for senior citizens, families and singles and for all income groups through by-- eneemaging a variety of housing types and sizes, including a mixture of ownership and rental housing. 32. To preserve existing moderately priced and historically significant housing. b) rebabNitatian and conservation-pregfams. 43. To improve the quality of existing eliminate housing deficiene e3 and prevent future blight 54. To eliminate racial, lack of handicapped accessibility and all other forms of discrimination that prevent free choice in housing. 22 65. To emeou To make infrastructure projects and residential and nonresidential developments to be compatible with environmental quality and energy conservation. 6. To reduce the homeless population. 7. To provide housing affordable to people who work in the Town. 3.5 POLICIES 1. Developments restricted for occupancy by senior citizens, of handicapped or persons in the very low and low income groups shall be eligible for a density bonus of up to 100% of the units permitted by the land use designation as shown on the land use plan or any specific plan. 2. The Town shall utilize rehabilitation to preserve and improve the quality of existing housing and eliminate blight 3. The Town shall attempt to maintain a range of 30-35 percent of the total Town dwelling units as rental units. 4. The Town should shall encourage increased opportunities for home ownership but not at the expense of the availability of multiple rental unit construction. 5. The conversion of existing rental projects to condominium ownership shall be discouraged in order to maintain the stock of available rental units. 446. The Town shall encourage the provision of new units for ownership and rental by households of very low, low and moderate income families households. 67. Housing for very low, low and moderate income families shall be encouraged by housing assistance programs such as: Below Market Price Units, commercial linkage fees, Density Bonuses, and Secondary Units, through restricting conversion of rental housing to other uses or forms of ownership, and through rehabilitation of older homes, and limiting the size of additions to modest size homes. 78. The Town should shall continue its participation in regional and county -wide housing efforts in cooperation with the federal and state governments to develop realistic programs to provide housing for very low and low income families. 89. The Town should shall encourage the preservation of residential dwellings located in nonresid ential designated areas when all of the following conditions are met: a. The dwellings are currently and have been historically used for residential purposes. b. The dwellings are adequately maintained and are reasonably free from serious defects which could result in health or safety hazards to residents. C. It is evident that necessary amenities and a suitable living environment are provided. 910. The Town shall should support the mixing of residential uses with commercial uses on the same site in nonresidential commercial areas, in order to provide affordable housing closer to work sources and transportation facilities. 23 4911. New and existing dwelling units for ownership and rental by household of I very low, low and moderate income families households shall be dispersed through the Town. 12. The Town shall actively pursue the development of very low, low and moderate income and higher density housing. 13. The Town should shall encourage the development of housing suitable for families with children in areas where adequate educational and recreational facilities exist. 14. for - healing �n +x; Smaller, moderate cost, quality housing units wig shall be encouraged and the e)pansion of existing homes will be limited. 15. The Town shall encourage landlords and tenants to work together to develop rental rates fair to the needs of both parties. 16. Non- Hillside residential property shall be lands should be done developed or intensified in accordance with the Town's identified housing needs. 17. Secondary units shall be allowed subject to restrictions on lot size, floor area density and occupancy. All existing secondary units wig required a Secondary Dwelling Unit Permit. Fees vi g-be were kept to a minimum and processing of applications will be were expedited. All new secondary units will require a Conditional Use Permit. 18. Newly- constructed residential units shall make provisions for adaptability for the physically disabled. 19. The Town shall parks: discourage the conversion of mobile home parks into other uses that would reduce the availability of comparably priced housing units 20. The Town shall work with other agencies to provide housing or other appropriate assistance for the homeless population - 21. For all property within the Town that is owned by any local or state agency, and that is declared as surplus land, the Town shall determine the feasibility of developing such properly for very low, low and moderate income families. 22. The Town shall assist in the provision of equal housing opportunities for all households regardless of race, age, sex, marital status, ethnic background or other arbitrary factors. 3.6 IMPLEMENTATION 1. SPECIAL HOUSING PROGRAMS: The Town's Below Market Price` Program, including the possibility of commercial linkage fees, the General Plan's highdensily residential special use designation and provision for secondary units, are intended to provide affordable family housing for very low, low and moderate income families - a. Density Bonuses and other Concessions (1)a: All densgy-heNUS housing projects on lots in excess of 40,000 square feet must be Processed as Planned Developments in order to receive a density bonus. sha#- be-subjeet 24 (2)a- Housing restricted to seniors, ar ha�dieapped, physically disabled persons, very low and low income residents shall be eligible for a Town density bonus up to 100% of the units Permitted by Me laird use designation as shown on the land use plan or any specific plan and incentives based on the State DensitvBonus Law. --• °- (3)b- Town Ddensity bonuses will also be granted for residential projects that actively facilitate and encourage use of transit or directly provide transit services to residents. (4)e: Concessions to the Town's density, traffic, and parking regulations may be granted for mixed -use projects that provide residential units in nonresidential zones. b.d- Below Market Price (BMP) Housing Program and Affordable Housing Fund: (1) All residential developments (including subdivisions, planned developments and multi - family rental developments) must provide a number of Below Market Price (BMP) units or pay an appropriate in lieu fee as established by Council resolution. Responsible Agency: Town Council, Planning Commission Schedule Ongoing (2) The Town shall pursue with other jurisdictions and regions a coordinated program whereby all new office, retail, research and development, manufacturing, warehouse and hotel developmentshall paya commercial development linkage fee to provide affordable housing for the very low, low and moderate income persons who may occupy the jobs new to fire Town related to such development Within the context of such a regional program these commercial development linkage fees shall be established by a Council Resolution. Responsible Aoencv Town Council- Planning Commission Schedule: December 1991 (3) BMP in -lieu fees and commercial development linkage fees shall be deposited into the Town's Affordable Housing Fund. Possible use of in lieu fees include landbanking, writing down the cost of owner occupied units to make them affordable to very low/low /moderate income households and purchasing rental units for renting to eligible very lowllow /moderate income tenants. Responsible Agency Town Council Planning Commission Schedule., Ongoinq 25 c.e: Secondary Units: MINIM MUMM The Town shall provide an opportunity for property owners to file an application for existing or new secondary dwelling units. Responsible Agency: Planning Department Planning Commission Schedule: Ongoing d. Rehabilitation The Town shall continue to provide financial assistance to lower income households for the rehabilitation of existinghousing and mobilehome units through the Town's Housing Conservation Program. Responsible Agency Community Services Department Schedule: Ongoing d.-e. Residential Accessibility Reguirements: EEP All new residential developments, including detached single - family dwellings, shall be useable by physically disabled persons and meet the Town handicapped requirements established by Council Resolution_ Responsible Agency: Planning Department- Building Department Planning Commission Schedule: Ongoin Redevelopment Agency: Pursuant to State Law, Los Gatos' Redevelopment Agency shall set aside 20% of each tax increment dollar for housing purposes. This 20% housing set aside fund must be used to provide housing opportunities for very low, low and moderate income households. g. California Disaster Assistance (CALDAP) Program This program was instituted in 1989 with a special allocation of State funds to assist owners of both rental and owneroccupfed units who sustained damage from the October 17, 1989 earthquake. This program provides 3% interest deferred loans to eligible applicants for rehabilitation of their property to cover earthquake damage and also previous health and safely code violations. 27 2. MAINTENANCE OF OLDER HOMES: a. The Town shall explore continue to cooperate with civic groups and service organizations in the establisliffient of to maintain community self -help programs for the maintenance of older homes by senior citizens. This shat/ be obtained through the Town's Housing Conservation Program and by the continuation of the Town's support of existing programs as identified in the 1985 -1990 Housing Element Programs Progress. Responsible Agency: Community Services Department Schedule: +9854999 On -going 0 . The Town shall limit the expansion of existing single family homes to maintain moderate priced housing, the historical characteristic of the house and the compatibility of the neighborhood. Generally, major additions to a residence will result in a considerably higher price residence than what is ehdstng. Limiting the size of an addition, will in turn keep the resale price of the house down. The Town currently uses a floor area ratio formula for all single family residential additions on lots between 5,000 square feet and 30,000 square feet in area which limits the size of a residence based on the lot size. Findings can be made by the deciding body to exceed the FioorArea Ratio. The Town will review this formula and determine its adequacy and /f any modifications need to be made- 9985 9986 September 1991 C. The Town shall continue to periodically update the Housing Assistance Plan with goals for the number of units to be conserved and rehabilitated. Current Goals (October 1988 - September 1991): Owner- occupied units to be rehabilitated. 21; Renter- occupied units to be rehabilitated: 9. These rehabilitation goals will be attained through the Town's Housing Conservation Program. (See 1d) 'r 3. OEP C fQN --G- PROMOTION OF RENTAL MARKET: a- The Town shall continue to allow lower open space and parking requirements for multifamily rental units as opposed to other multifamily units. Responsible Agency: Planning Department Schedule: #985 i98, Onaoina be. The Town shall enaet maintain a rent mediation ordinance, or the Town shall maintain voluntary, nonbinding procedures for landlord and tenant disputes. 0 Responsible Agency: Community Services Department Schedule: #985 4996 Ongoing cd. The Town shall tightly control the conversion of apartments to condominiums through fegulstien the requirement of bringing the building up to current codes and regulations. Responsible Agency Planning Department Schedule: Ongoing d. The Town shall explore with the Los Gatos - Saratoga Board of Realtors, a security deposit guarantee program for low and moderate income households. Responsible Agency- Planning Department Schedule., 1992 4. HOUSING MARKET: The Planning Commission sheuld-annu will periodically review the housing situation in the Town of Los Gatos concerning: a. The maintenance of a current inventory of housing. b. The continued exploration of housing needs within the community by using relevant economic and census data. d:c. The continued review and coordination of county, regional, state and federal programs (including Proposition 84 bonds, tax credits through syndicated projects and Section 8 rental programs) for the satisfaction of housing needs in the Town of Los Gatos, and preparation of studies and recommendations to the Town Council for continued responsiveness to demonstrable housing needs. des � ^ ^" The rrieje the suitability of vacant land for multiple family, senior citizen and /or low and moderate income ownership and rental housing projects. 5.6 DENSITIES: The Planning Commission shaR will: a. Identify all land within the Town's planning area that would be suitable for maximum increased densities atpoints of access to the Vasona light rail corridor, Highway 85 corridor and other transportation corridors. 91 b. Develop standards and criteria to determine acceptable levels of minimum and maximum densities for each property. C. Recommend general plan amendments regarding densities if necessary. d. Recommend zone change to implement minimum and maximum densities. e. Recommend procedures and restrictions to assure the provision of dwelling units on these sites for very low, low or moderate income persons and families. Responsible Agency Planning Commission; Planning Department Schedule: - 49854990 July 7993 7-A AVAILABILITY OF SERVICES: The Town shall consider the availability of such facilities as public transportation, schools, parks, community services, shopping, police and fire protection, etc. , when making density determination for new residential development. If any existing facilities such as schools, streets, parks, sewer, and water supply are used at capacity, the facilities shall not be impacted beyond their service capabilities unless implementation of programs to increase capacities is in process. Responsible Agency Planning Commission Schedule: 49854990 Ongoing 8-7. MEETING HOUSING NEEDS: identified housin� a. All applicants that propose a residential development (except one new single family dwelling), shall submit a statement describing how the proposed project meets the goals and Policies established in this Housing Element The statement of justification shall site specific goals and /or policies of the Housing Element and provide evidence to support how the project meets those goals and /or policies. b_ The Planning Commission shall review all ordinances and development standards which affect development, subdivisions, zoning, housing, building and the use of structures, to ensure brat they incorporate innovative ideas achieving the goals and objectives stated in this element Responsible Agency Planning Commission Schedule: 4985 x998 i99t3 i950ngoinq 9-8. MOBILE HOME ZONE: a. The Town shall develop maintain a mobile home zone for the existing mobile home parks to protect the existing affordable high density housing at these sites, to recognize the status quo, and to prevent change of use. b. The Town shall require that any proposal to convert a mobile home park to a residential development shall provide as least as many low cost housing units as could be accommodated within the existing parks' capacity n.. llr:`_flrlQlb[e -Aflnn Planning Gamn l9sion: L1I......:.. Gehe 9N 30 c. The Town shall develop maintain an ordinance requiring relocation assistance for any mobile home tenant displaced by actions of the mobile home park owner. d. The Town shall develop and enforce safety standards (fire, earthquake and flood) for mobile home parks. 3 -4i- HOMELESS ASSISTANCE: The Town shall continue to participate in the Voucher Program sponsored by the Salvation Army to aid the homeless population and will participate in any other similar programs as they become available. Responsible Aaencv Town Council Schedule: Ongoing 10. FAIR HOUSING: The Town shall continue to support programs that provide fair housing services such as Project Sentinel and Information and Referral Services and shall continue to support the Los Gatos,%ratoga Bowd of Realtors in upholding the Housing and Urban Development's fair housing law. Responsible AgencwTown Council Schedule: Ongoing 31 BIGDDCS AND SYS 25 REVIEW OF 1985 HOUSING ELEMENT APPROPRIATION OF GOALS AND OBJECTIVES The general intent of the goals and objectives of the 1985 Housing Element will be continued in the 1990 -1995 update. Several goals and objectives, however, have been modified or added to meet the current and projected housing needs as discussed in this update. Specifically, these include the following: Preservation and Maintenance of Affordable Housin The Town of Los Gatos continually encourages the preservation and maintenance of affordable (including moderate priced) housing. Due to the highly developed nature of the Town and its desirability as a place to live, housing prices are relatively higher than other portions of the County. Therefore, the challenge which faces Los Gatos is to maintain the current supply of moderate priced housing and to provide additional units at affordable costs. To encourage moderate and affordable housing units, several policies have been revised in the update to encourage housing for very low and low income groups. One program will permit a Town density bonus for low income housing. New housing assistance programs (i.e., Redevelopment Agency and Commercial Linkage Fees) are being reviewed. Amendments to the Town's Zoning Ordinance will also be considered to limit the size of additions to modest size homes, which if not limited, will significantly increase the resale price. The Town will also support the mixing of residential uses with commercial uses on the same site in nonresidential areas in order to provide affordable housing closer to work sources and transportation facilities. The Town will also work with property owners who have buildings in need of rehabilitation or retrofitting to make them more earthquake safe. Provision of New Affordable Housin A policy has been added for the Town to research the feasibility of developing all surplus land for affordable housing. The updated element also strengthens that the Town will actively pursue the development of affordable and higher density housing. Special Needs Over the past several years the Town has become increasingly aware of the need to provide equal facilitation opportunities for physically disabled persons. The 1990 -1995 update includes a goal to eliminate handicapped accessibility discrimination that prevents free choice in housing. The Town requires that all new residential developments, including detached single family dwellings, be usable by physically disabled persons and must meet established Town handicapped requirements. Although only a small number of the County's homeless reside in Los Gatos, homelessness is still considered a serious concern by the Town. The update states that the Town will strive to reduce the homeless population and will work with other agencies to provide housing or other appropriate assistance for the homeless population. In the past the Town has concentrated in providing affordable senior housing. The Town is now experiencing a need for family housing. Therefore, the updated element strengthens the language to encourage the development of family housing and identifies changes to Town programs to promote family housing. Transportation and Energy Conservation Due to the current regional issues of air quality, jobs, housing balance, energy prices and transportation efficiency, the Town must plan for and take advantage of these changes with respect to new development, urban design and the location and energy efficiency of its housing stock. Included in the update is a revised energy conservation goal to make infrastructure projects and residential and nonresidential developments to be compatible with environmental quality and energy conservation. 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