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Koen public comment.011717 TC MtgFrom: Phil Koen <pkoen @monteropartners.com> Sent: Sunday, January 29, 2017 6:43 PM To: Laurel Prevetti Cc: Robert Schultz Subject: Urgent response to Kumre statements to Council Attachments: 387434brochure- final2.pdf, Inventory2006.pdf, response to Kumre public comments.docx Dear Laurel, Would you please pass the attached items to the Town Council for their review and consideration. This is my response to the comments Mr. Kumre made at the January 17, 2017 Town Council meeting. Because I was limited to only 3 minutes to address the Council, it was not possible for me to respond to Mr. Kumre misstatements at that time. I understand that this matter is scheduled for further discussion at the upcoming Council meeting. I would also like to acknowledge that Rob Schultz has been very supportive during this entire process. I believe we are all aligned in trying to find a constructive solution to this problem. Thank you for doing this. I would appreciate confirmation by email that you have distributed this material. Phil Koen THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK January 28, 2017 Re: Response to Mr. Kumre comments on January 17, 2017 concerning APN 510 -41 -068 Dear Members of the Town Council, I am writing to you to correct two statements that Mr. Kumre made at the January 17, 2017 Council hearing regarding the condition of parcel 510 -41 -068. Before I address Mr. Kumre's comments, I wish to confirm that I have reached out to the property owner on numerous occasions requesting that he voluntarily abate his lot. He has repeatedly refused my request. Out of desperation to protect my own property, I have also paid for the abatement of a portion of his parcel that is adjacent to my property. This was done with his approval. I have done everything I can to address this is in an appropriate manner, but have failed to get the owner to move forward. I have exhausted my options and now am asking the Town to intercede. I firmly believe that this parcel falls squarely under the Town's Abatement Ordinance. Let me know address the two statements that Mr. Kumre made which I believe are misleading. Comment #1: Vegetation on the parcel is primarily ivy which wouldn't qualify for weed abatement because that is what should be planted to avoid weed abatement The ivy that has consumed this parcel is Hedera conariensis, also known as Algerian Ivy. This type of ivy has been classified by Cal -IPC (the most authoritative source on this subject) as an invasive weed and has been given an A rating which is the highest rating available for negative environmental impact, invasiveness and distribution. I have attached a 2006 report from Cal -IPC which will confirm my statements. Furthermore, the Santa Clara County Agriculture Department has published a brochure entitled "Don't Plant a Pest" which specifically states "don't plant Algerian Ivy ". The reasons given is that it can "smother forest trees and understory plants by completely shading them, which also prevents regeneration of new tree and shrub seedlings ". It also goes on to give the warning that this "ivy also harbors pests, such as rats ". I have also attached a copy of this brochure. Many plants that are called ivies are not related to the Hedera family. I have no idea what ivy Mr. Kumre was referring to when he made the statement that ivy should be planted to avoid weed abatement. If he was referring to the Algerian Ivy, that is clearly an incorrect statement and runs counter to his own department's instructions. Comment #2: Ivy is listed in our brochure as afire resistant vegetation and as a result the fire ladder has been removed. I have previously provided the Council with pictures of dead ivy strands that are covering a number of the oak trees and shrubs on the parcel. Additionally the parcel has a number of Eucalyptus trees which are highly flammable, some of which are partially covered by Algerian Ivy. When dry or dead, Algerian Ivy is extremely flammable. Many cities in California have classified Algerian Ivy as highly flammable. For example, if you go to the website of Kensington Fire Department, you will see that they have listed Hedra canairiensis (Algerian Ivy) as a highly flammable groundcover. They specifically state it "can be a hazard near buildings, or wooden structures, and will need a higher level of maintenance ". Additionally the Los Angeles County Fire Department has identified Hedera canariensis as an undesirable and invasive species. Specifically they stated Algerian Ivy is an "aggressive species that out competes other plants and add to the fuel load on site ". When viewed with this understanding, Mr. Kumre is incorrect in his statement that the "fire ladder has been removed ". In fact, given the vast amount of Algerian Ivy and overgrowth there has been a substantial increase in the fuel load on this parcel which creates a menace to adjacent properties. Removing this invasive and non - native vegetation along with the numerous fallen limbs and other combustible bio fuel on the property will reduce the fuel load while improving the natural habitat. Conclusion The Town code (section 11.20.010 (2)) defines "weeds" as "weeds and indigenous grasses which may attain such large growth as to become, when dry, a fire menace to adjacent property ". Algerian Ivy is a weed, is highly invasive and represents a fire menace to all the properties adjacent to APN 510 -41 -068. In addition to the ivy there is other dead vegetation, fallen limbs, and combustible trash on this parcel which Mr. Kumre during his public comments did acknowledge. Simply put, there is a substantial amount of combustible bio fuel on this parcel. Additionally Algerian Ivy is known to cause dermatitis when the juice from broken leaves and stems comes in contact with the skin. The Algerian ivy dermatitis is a milder disease than poison oak dermatitis but with persons who have an "allergic disposition" can experience severe attacks. While the Town Ordinance does not specifically mention Algerian Ivy, the code does address poison oak. Given the ability to cause dermatitis, Algerian ivy should be considered in the same light as poison oak and be abated. Based on all of this, 1 continue to believe that the Algerian ivy growing on this this property meets the standards outlined in section 11.20.010 (2) of the Town Code and should be classified as a weed. The Algerian ivy has covered vast amounts of the parcel and has overgrown brush and numerous trees, adding to the already considerable fuel load from dead limbs and combustible trash. Taken as a whole this property represents a public nuisance and needs to be abated. I am again asking the Town to enforce its Weed ordinances, declare this parcel a nuisance and issue a notice to abate to the owner. Thank you for your time. Phil Koen ImE 1 R� !I -qM $ rY# { aS2F� F r Ig E s$ a =a g a d aj3 tlnS g {{yb ab ya�q€ 3 €�3f gg 'c "LSg� n ay � m5 ag eE £ o° ? ?i §g d8 5 a aHlI _ H H P x1511 Wp e , M E ��_43g ¢g�qa OF @Y •S��Y°� 3E 82 a " °S 11:011111g c£g�ggg8 „5$ € ® . s 'In 6 sgg OV r s 9F y5 Al B _e 3@11 5�,gg�' ns $N -Ill 3 b g¢ pp4g yy_ "ski, b v �•:in EaF Fy$$[[ lift sa. ski ;z a'a: if s 0 tp n -bnE - w d Y 8 gs4� g5ngg 35����e���s=$@g�+E�tg��,q ss$ yea [�5F gigg _ �ns iE$a g�gg �53aa 8"s ,pa r 91 11 JIM C lei M eea: Ep3bv3 •� if PPgE ' e Sg F F- F$Fs or t$- 3,'E$. :PF° 83 an�ayL a F3$ 5P o$$ � % €;pgtgpg os �Px S gi §§�a¢ yg [a , 3 g � 3� sax& ys n "rya { $3 gz a9 3 P3MM 111101 :$ W 13 z u 1 $ 4-J J , T P-9 Y � F � s §gps 3 6T li —^$$4a 35gq ;3E sgEg e Fla 6 y Y E gas_ S s R99 °° y e y 's n9 a px��C ggi av 3. o [ i 66 m °s is spy $gy °;f$lY ° r ap to Is3314 A £ =� HIM Will AM11 Is its Emil mil cn `zyy b _'2po'CqCq$e R�yq�3 5¢g¢Q G 3�95p by E4€ ° 3�F v °YSy "'� _a sgRb'FSpE$ -_ E��gE da E °5 ¢¢gg br g p� U e fl Y �a Vl s •Vas €- 2 s`3 Va `` E 2 E c € m3 CL C G) a0. •u, v aM' C y r 9 O N a- ch N C O a'� V � ; a •y N 4 i d 2 N R L V � d �F N v ,r 0) CM O 3 V Oy d � r O CL` w' &tea u � a oBz _ - o `o A. g q�a - aao E" oc& aE t E - @a q= Yco� aY3 t"y v o � � T A t LL�wa�ao� L v ;-2. c-c _ .. _ L o o rt _ c - L` c L C- _ _ _ _ __ C _ • O E L OU a L• _ c 3 -- �- __- _ _ tp CALIFORNIA Invasive Plant INVENTORY Published by the California Invasive Plant Council 1 V,, �hqY Cal -IPC February 2006 INVENTORY REVIEW COMMITTEE Dr. Carla Bossard Professor St. Mary's College of California Moraga, CA Dr. Matt Brooks Research Botanist US Geological Survey Henderson, NV Dr. Joseph DiTomaso Extension Non -Crop Weed Ecologist Universitv of California-Davis Davis. CA Dr. John Randall Director, Invasive Species Initiative The Nature Conservancy Davis, CA Cynthia Roye Environmental Scientist California State Parks Sacramento, CA Jake Sigg California Native Plant Society San Francisco, CA Alison Stanton Research Botanist BMP Ecosciences South Lake Tahoe, CA Peter Warner Environmental Scientist California State Parks Mendocino, CA CAL -IPC STAFF Dr. Elizabeth Brusati Project Manager Doug Johnson Executive Director Brianna Richardson Gina Skurka vt The California Invasive Plant Council (Cal -IPC) formed as a non -profit organiza- tion in 1992 to address the growing ecological and economic impacts caused by invasive plants in California's wildlands. We promote research, restoration, and education in pursuit of this goal. Formerly known as the California Exotic Pest Plant Council, Cal -IPC is a member - driven organization with land managers, re- searchers, policy makers, and concerned citizens working together to protect the state's natural areas from invasive plants. For more information, visit-our website at www.cal- ipc.org. PROVIDING INPUT FOR FUTURE REVISIONS If you have additional information to add to a plant assessment, please submit it to info @cal- ipc.org. The Inventory Review Committee will meet periodically to consider additions and modifications to the Inventory. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We gratefully acknowledge the effort of all those who volunteered their time to write plant assessment forms, provide comments on assessments, or add observa- tions to fill gaps in information. Too many people contributed information for us to list them individually, but each assessment contains the name of its author and those who provided information on that species. In particular, we thank those who helped develop the criteria, including John Hall of The Nature Conservancy in Arizona, Ann I lowald of Garcia and Associates, and Maria Ryan of University of Nevada Cooperative Extension. We also wish to thank Kristin Dzurella of UC Davis and John Knapp of the Catalina Island Conservancy for their contributions of time and data. RECOMMENDED CITATION Cal -IPC. 2006. California Invasive Plant Inventor v. Cal -IPC Publication 2006 -02. California Invasive Plant Council: Berkeley, CA. Available: www.cal- ipc.org. WITH FINANCIAL SUPPORT FROM The Center for Invasive Plant Management and the Exotic /Invasive Pests and Diseases Research Program of the UC Statewide IPM Program and UC Riverside Center for Invasive Species Research, funded by USDA/CREES Special Research Grant Exotic Pests and Diseases (CA). General operating sup- port provided by the San Francisco Foundation, the Switzer Foundation, and the True North Foundation, CENTER FOR VC IPM INVASIVE PLANT MANAGEMENT 1___j + Designed by Melanie Haage. Copyright © 2006 by California Invasive Plant Council INTRODUCTION The Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 1 Criteria for Listing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Figure 1. The Criteria System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Inventory Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Reading the Tables . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Figure 2, Jepson Geographic Regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Uses and Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 TABLES Table 1. Invasive Non- Native Plants that Threaten Wildlands in California . . . . . . . . 6 Table 2. Species Native to Part of California, but Invasive in Other Parts of the State. . . . 20 Table 3. Species Evaluated But Not Listed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Table 4. Species Nominated but Not Reviewed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 APPENDICES Appendix 1. Listed Species by Category . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Appendix 2. Cal -IPC Species Listed by Other Ratings Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Appendix 3. Examples of Ecological Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 34 Appendix 4. Species by Common Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 1 IT 1 ' nvasive plants damage ecosystems around the world. They displace native species, change plant community structure, and reduce the value of habitat for wildlife.' Invasive plants may disrupt physical ecosystem processes, such as fire regimes, sedimentation and erosion, light availability, and nu- trient cycling. In aquatic ecosystems, invasive plants clog lakes, streams, and waterways, reducing oxygen levels for fish and degrading habitat for waterbirds. The impact is especially severe in California, with its rich diversity of natural resources. The California Invasive Plant Inventory cat- egorizes non - native invasive plants that threaten the state's wildlands. Categorization is based on an assessment of the ecological impacts of each plant. The Inventory represents the best available knowl- edge of invasive plant experts in the state. However, it has no regulatory authority, and should be used with full understanding of the limitations described later in this Introduction. California is home to 4,200 native plant species, and is recognized internationally as a "biodiversity hotspot." Approximately 1,800 non- native plants also grow in the wild in the state. A small number of these, approximately 200, are the ones that this Inventory considers invasive. Improved understand- ing of their impacts will help those working to proj- ect California's treasured biodiversity. The Inventory The Inventory categorizes plants as High, Moderate, or Limited, reflecting the level of each species' nega- tive ecological impact in California. Other factors, such as economic impact or difficulty of manage- ment, are not included in this assessment. It is important to note that every species listed in Table 1 is invasive, regardless of its overall rating, and should be of concern to land managers. Although the impact of each plant varies regionally, its rating represents cumulative impacts statewide. Therefore, a plant whose statewide impacts are categorized as Limited may have more severe impacts in a particu- spent statewide to control Arundo donax (giant reed) in California. (Photo by David Chang, Santa Barbara County Agricultural Commissioner's office) lar region. Conversely, a plant categorized as having a High cumulative impact across California may have very little impact in some regions. Members of the Inventory Review Committee, Cal -IPC staff, and volunteers drafted assessments for each plant based on the formal criteria system described below. The committee solicited informa- tion from land managers across the state to comple- ment the available literature. Assessments were released for public review before the committee finalized them. All plant assessments that form the basis for this summary document are available at www.cal- ipc.org. The final list includes 39 High spe- cies, 65 Moderate species, and 89 Limited species. Additional information, including updated observa- tions, will be added to the Cal -IPC website periodi- cally, with revisions tracked and dated. Definitions The Inventory categorizes "invasive non- native plants that threaten wildlands" according to the definitions below. Plants were evaluated only if they invade CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVENTORY I 1 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Figure 1. The Criteria System Section I. Ecological Impact 1.1 Impact on abiotic ecosystem processes (e.g. hydrology, fire, nutrient cycling) 1.2 Impact on native plant community composition, structure, and interactions 1.3 Impact on higher trophic levels, including vertebrates and invertebrates 1.4 Impact on genetic integrity of native species (i.e. potential for hybridization) Section 2. Invasive Potential 2.1 Ability to establish without anthropogenic or natural disturbance 2.2 Local rate of spread with no management 2.3 Recent trend in total area infested within state 2.4 Innate reproductive potential (based on multiple characteristics) 2.5 Potential for human - caused dispersal 2.6 Potential for natural long- distance ( >1 km) dispersal 2.7 Other regions invaded worldwide that are similar to California Section 3. Distribution 3.1 Ecological amplitude (ecological types invaded in California) 3.2 Ecological intensity (highest extent of infestation in any one ecological type) Documentation Levels Assessed as highest level of documentation for each criterion. 4 = Reviewed scientific publications 3 = Other published material (reports or other non- peer - reviewed documents) 2 = Observational (unpublished information confirmed by a professional in the field) 1 = Anecdotal (unconfirmed information) 0 = No information Complete description of criteria system and detailed plant assessments axailable at vv v,A cal- ipc.org. 2 1 CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVENTORY % I t y1 ♦� Dense mats formed by aquatic plants such as water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) reduce habitat for waterfowl and fish. (Photo by Bob Case, California Native Plant Society) California wildlands with native habitat values. The Inventory does not include plants found solely in ar- eas of human- caused disturbance such as roadsides and cultivated agricultural fields. Wildlands are public and private lands that sup- port native ecosystems, including some working landscapes such as grazed rangeland and active timberland. • Non - native plants are species introduced to California after European contact and as a direct or indirect result of human activity. • Invasive non - native plants that threaten wildlands are plants that 1) are not native to, yet can spread into, wildland ecosystems, and that also 2) displace native species, hybridize with native species, alter biological communi- ties, or alter ecosystem processes. Criteria for Listing The California Invasive Plant Inventory updates the 1999 "Exotic Pest Plants of Greatest Ecological Concern in California 112 Cal -IPC's Inventory Review Committee met regularly between 2002 and 2005 to review 238 non - native species with known or sus- pected impacts in California wildlands. These assess- ments are based on the "Criteria for Categorizing Invasive Non- Native Plants that Threaten Wildlands "; which were developed in collaboration with the Southwestern Vegetation Management Association in Arizona (www.swvma.org) and the University of Nevada Cooperative Extension (www.unce.unr. edu) so that ratings could be applied across political boundaries and adjusted for regional variation. The goals of the criteria system and the Inventory are to: • Provide a uniform methodology for categorizing non - native invasive plants that threaten wild - lands; • Provide a clear explanation of the process used to evaluate and categorize plants; • Provide flexibility so the criteria can be adapted to the particular needs of different regions and states; • Encourage contributions of data and documen- tation on evaluated species; • Educate policy makers, land managers, and the public about the biology, ecological impacts, and distribution of invasive non - native plants. The criteria system generates a plant's overall rating based on an evaluation of 13 criteria, which are divid- ed into three sections assessing Ecological Impacts, Invasive Potential, and Ecological Distribution (Fig. 1). Evaluators assign a score of A (severe) to D (no im- pact) for each criterion, with U indicating unknown. The scoring scheme is arranged in a tiered format, with individual criteria contributing to section scores that in turn generate an overall rating for the plant. Detailed plant assessment forms list the ratio- nale and applicable references used to arrive at each criterion's score. The level of documentation for each question is also rated, and translated into a numeri- cal score for averaging (Fig. 1). The documentation score presented in the tables is a numeric average of the documentation levels for all 13 criteria. Inventory Categories Each plant in Table 1 has received an overall rating of High, Moderate or Limited based on evaluation us- ing the criteria system. The meaning of these overall ratings is described below. In addition to the over- all ratings, specific combinations of section scores that indicate significant potential for invading new ecosystems triggers an Alert designation so that land managers may watch for range expansions. Table 3 lists plants categorized as Evaluated But Not Listed because either we lack sufficient information to as- sign a rating or the available information indicates that the species does not have significant impacts at the present time. High — These species have severe ecological impacts on physical processes, plant and animal communities, and vegetation structure. Their reproductive biology and other attributes are conducive to moderate to high rates of dispersal and establishment. Most are widely distributed ecologically. Moderate —These species have substantial and apparent —but generally not severe — ecological impacts on physical processes, plant and animal communities, and vegetation structure. Their reproductive biology and other attributes are conducive to moderate to high rates of dispersal, though establishment is generally dependent upon ecological disturbance. Ecological ampli- tude and distribution may range from limited to widespread. Limited — These species are invasive but their ecological impacts are minor on a statewide level or there was not enough information to justify a higher score. Their reproductive biology and other attributes result in low to moderate rates of invasiveness. Ecological amplitude and distribu- tion are generally limited, but these species may be locally persistent and problematic. Reading the Tables The core of the Inventory is Table 1, which lists those plants we have categorized as invasive plants that threaten California wildlands.. The types of in- formation contained in Table I is described below. When Bromus tectorum (downy brome or cheatgrass) replaces native perennial grasses, the frequency of wildfires shortens from 60 -100 years to 3 -5 years. (Photo by Joe DiTomaso, UC Davis) CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLAN "I' INVENTORY 1 3 Figure 2. Jepson Geographic Regions Northwi (NW) Central V KIM) Great W (G V) Table 2 contains four plants that are native to spe- cific regions of California but have become invasive in other regions of the state to which humans have moved them. Table 3 lists those plant species that were evaluated but did not meet the threshold for listing. Finally, Table 4 contains plants that were nominated for review but dismissed without a formal assessment because either they do not invade wild - lands (except for isolated instances) or the Inventory Review Committee lacked adequate information to answer the criteria questions. Table 1 summarizes rating information for all plant species categorized as invasive by this Inventory. The columns contain the following information: • A diamond ( *) in the first column designates an Alert status for that species. • Scientific nomenclature for most species follows The Jepson Manual' • For each species, the first common name is based on the Weed Science Society of Americas followed by other names commonly used in California. (Appendix 4 provides an index of common names.) • The overall rating for the plant (High, Moderate, 4 1 CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVENTORY CA = all of California CA -FP = California Floristic Province (NW, Ca R, SN, GV, CW, SVV) GB = Great Basin Province (MP, SNE) D = Desert Province (DMoj, DSon) Reprinted front The Jepson Manual, J. Hickman, Ed., 1993, with permission front the Jepson Herbarium. © Regents of the University of California. )ran Desert (DSon) or Limited) is listed next. (Because Table 1 is or- ganized alphabetically, we have included a listing organized by rating level in Appendix 1.) Section scores are shown for Ecological Impact, Invasive Potential, and Distribution. These can typically be interpreted as A =high, B= moderate, C= limited, D =none, U= unknown. Documentation Level presents the average level of the references used to evaluate that species, from 0 (no information) to 4 (all information based on peer- reviewed scientific publications). Ecological Types Invaded and Other Comments provides additional information of interest. The classification of ecological types is adapted from a system developed by the California Department of Fish and Game.` (Appendix 3 provides detailed examples of ecological types.) Regions Invaded are based on floristic regions de- scribed in The Jepson Manual' (Fig. 2) and indi- cate heavily impacted areas. This information is incomplete for many species, so regions listed in this column should be considered the minimum area invaded. such as in Yosemite National Park. (Photo by Bob Case, California Native Plant Society) Uses and Limitations The California Invasive Plant Inventory serves as a scientific and educational report. It is designed to prioritize plants for control, to provide information to those working on habitat restoration, to show areas where research is needed, to aid those who prepare or comment on environmental planning documents, and to educate public policy makers. Plants that lack published information may be good starting points for student research projects. The Inventory cannot address, and is not in- tended to address, the range of geographic variation in California, nor the inherently regional nature of invasive species impacts. While we have noted where each plant is invasive, only the cumulative statewide impacts of the species have been considered in the evaluation. The impact of these plants in specific geographic regions or habitats within California may be greater or lesser than their statewide rating indi- cates. Management actions for a species should be considered on a local and site - specific basis, as the inventory does not attempt to suggest management needs for specific sites or regions. The criteria sys- tem was designed to be adapted at multiple scales, and local groups are encouraged to use the criteria for rating plants in their particular area. REFERENCES 1. Bossard, C. C., J. M. Randall, and M. C. I loshovsky. 2000. Invasive Plants of California's Wildlands. University of California Press: Berkeley, CA. 2. Cal -EPPC. 1999. The Cal -EPPC List: Exotic Pest Plants of Greatest Ecological Concern in California. California Exotic Pest Plant Council: San Juan Capistrano, CA. Available: www. cal - ipcorg. 3. Warner, P.J., C. C. Bossard, M.L. Brooks, J. M. DiTomaso, J. A. Hall, A. M. Howald, D. W. Johnson, J. M. Randall, C. L. Rove, and A. E. Stanton. 2003. Criteria for Categorizing Invasive Non - native Plants that Threaten Wildlands. California Exotic Pest Plant Council and Southwest Vegetation Management Association. Available: www.cal- ipcorg. 4. Hickman, J. C. (ed.) 1993. The Jepson Mannul: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press: Berkeley, CA. 5. WSSA. 2005. Composite List of Weeds. Weed Science Society of America. Available: www.wssa.net. 6. Holland, R. E 1986. Preliminary Descriptions of the Terrestrial Natural Communities of California. Unpublished report. California Department of Fish and Game: Sacramento, CA. Lepidium latifolium (perennial pepperweed or tall whitetop) concentrates salt in marsh soils, threatening several rare plant species. (Photo by Bob Case) CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVENTORY 1 5 TABLE 1: Invasive Non - Native Plants that Threaten Wildlands in California v a c N 0 Y E E 0 V L_ d v G N v V 0 0 w JBATj ')0Q uoimqujsid SSaUDAISeAUj spedwi 6f C m E m z E E V V R z Y C a �n ♦ vaiv m m m m U U m m U m U m ¢ m U m m m m m :J m C m U U m m ¢ Q a H v G o N m -o 5 q 5 53 q y j J K 3 Z C ¢ e Q 4r ¢ Q U ° G v. C d o9 O "' � O C o S o m v U � _ Z U > O V z Z GC .L+ ry 0 L_ J W V G p U Cj U Z G o v U _ E s c E Y c a U .� � G y g 5 C E yt y y 72 "yp ° -p t v m s 11 cG'> Fj c m oa c v O 9 K c v � c � Eve E < c E v v ; N S G O 0 t bb v N N U CJ O O �F O 5 Wl � rt E M m 06 V v v 5 c W N L U U v v C a _cg ��a � y . V] ci U U Q. ✓ ^O Gi U U L `] LL U m m m m U U m m U m U m ¢ m U m m m m m :J m C m U U m m ¢ Q 6 1 CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVU,'TORY C m t N O t � m w � a H v G o N m -o 5 q 5 53 q y d z 3 Z C ¢ e Q 4r ¢ Q ° G v. C d o9 O "' � O C o S o m v U � _ •• > O E U '00 GC .L+ ry 0 6 1 CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVU,'TORY C m t N O t � m w � a Vv 2 3� G o 3 -o 5 � 53 U y d z 3 u C ¢ e Q 4r ¢ Q 6 1 CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVU,'TORY C m t N O t � m w � a Vv 2 3� G o 3 -o 5 � 53 U Vv 2 3� 3 -o 5 � 53 U z 3 3 ° v. o _ G U > O E U '00 GC .L+ ry 0 L_ E ' W V G p v E Y c a U .� � C z^ o v o f f4 v s 11 cG'> c m oa U m C 9 K c v � c � Eve E < c v v ; S N N N U CJ O O �F O 5 Wl � rt E M m 06 V v 5 N L U U v v C a ��a � y . C1 L ♦ V U C VJ C C TABLE 1: Invasive Non - Native Plants that Threaten Wildlands in California (continued) CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVENTORY 1 7 z Z U 'c C G o 3 o a x a d 3 > ¢ ¢ ¢ < 3 3 ¢ 3 3 ¢ 3 rt U Z U 'o 0 N %C > E > =° p a O U v G ~ ^✓ v G v O •y-' N en T N G e .G = E ° F u U C C O • y ,a "O N ^J •n VJ & y E �, C + :tl L N :E o a> Z y N F e v .�- in;? 1-6 e E tb z '^ E s H b tb LE.E b v b •� q E v.G c .s? 2.. -° 50 0 v m v > v °° c n ow m �..� x d v ro "� C m .a w fG U2 Uv U 3 U> 1¢ E C.7 c CG 3 V.E C U Q °' eC Jan91 pop T o N c M M M .E N N N M M N •-+ N N ti N N M S J U uoiInqu;si4 0 ¢ ¢ m r ¢ m m m ¢ 'R m c a, ssauanISenui m ¢ m m m U v ¢ m m ¢ v m E � c o i spedWl m m m m m V U m m U Cm c 7° 'O 'O 'O '"O 'O E o ° II 5 5 5_ 5_ S Ci d 8E m E y ° v a E 'O W U_ °'� Z U V -2 '� S h x •'O 'D ¢ •1 7 G � v Cy E c ° C N LP . °tea. a c x c h :., ¢ c 3 ec m c m CQ m w w C 3 m` CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVENTORY 1 7 TABLE 1: Invasive Non- Native Plants that Threaten Wildlands in California (continued) c 5 3 z 3 5 5 U GG O U a s U s U U h z U U U Z z Z Z z Y � E `m > o U > E E c u c c E o v E -o c h E E s y v a Ss 1". �-o E �,�• E �-c a. N u c E ro m ep G m� m s L •Ct c 4 v -� o L c .� J 'y_' C.7 N _Y y 4 in 'o ;E c c E �—' � � ao oG m " ='• ° > .a � � ,- ^� ro c �° N E E G N '° E E •Gt a o❑ j q o m� m � m c'' m y _ .: ra y ;E U > U U :.1 ti ianaj •3od w 0 M IN — uoijnqialsip ¢ ¢ ¢ m v m U U m ¢ m ¢ ssauanisenui U m m m m m m U m m v m spedmi m ¢ ¢ U m m U m m m U m 41 i i u 41 *' E m ao .E a v E — C E� _ cc O `J O •• y G •L O <E :E V R N a v ai s a z E y w 6 G 6 C `3 G G Q C rs c T U U:_s ♦ laaltl 8 1 CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT'INVENTORY 3 'C + V N U c U ° c 3 3 °� z z 3a J q p1 u m E o u E > m E > � 001 >d• U c V d % c E E 4 G c II j f° U w N � � N N c — N 3c^ U U E cC c a ¢ U E r G V � G � j m m ° L A s 41 N S y- o u E a c E o � E z— a V . s 3s g 2 CIE �Ic E € U , 0 U — O C U U u c c ♦ U v 0 U C TABLE 1: Invasive Non - Native Plants that Threaten Wildlands in California (continued) w 9 c 0 0 a w C E E 0 V d Y O C 10 v d 'O C N d a H u 0 0 w laADJ •3od uoljnglalsid SSaU3AISeAUI spedwi C E A Z C 0 E E O V E N Z w C d V7 * V91V 's vv Z 5 V U i � < i ❑ U �. ¢ 3 Z Z U U U U Z Z U V U U V a CC Q O p y U m _ A m ¢ E w o v E m y v m v o w m o ao e 3UN U G yip C Ni. .� 3 p -o GD E c ^ c bk p A a t°E ° =�' c ° e L "' c p 'L' :a E O E ^^J H ^O O � .N v C G U P ? G. fl '�•' .`' y`U V •y E a U C' N VG ,E .E w y c o C'O 'C' m ciL C.O. G.� G �.� 'G �• aO C v CS 'O � G� V c U'� C7v U c.�• C•o U U v U u U ° U U v o ao m •—. w E m U m m m ¢ m m m m m U m ,Ear tt E � c O / K m m m C m C m m m m m U m II Fq c c v NV N N N CJ N N N 'V 'L j V O O O O O O O O 5_ O 5_ a 5_ a ¢ v S d- � � u c '�V•.. �.-V9 � U 'ti Q ..0 O t `¢ X � s •n ^ •' p � C `W X C �` A' � T G U U U> ♦ V N L CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVENTORY 9 TABLE 1; Invasive Non - Native Plants that Threaten Wildlands in California (continued) d a C N c 0 c Y d E E O V d Y O v c m d v C N T H V 0 0 W U U i K z zz N J O O V 'o E >r o 3 a r7 n c v � G O� O o E m Jan0110a o fV M uoanqutslp U ¢ ss UMISMI U ¢ spedwi U ¢ E m Z V w M c d of • Paiv a v .S O F 0 0 U U c °1 � � x d E m b cv C E i O N OA E V ou/ u E m Z V w M c d of • Paiv a v .S O F 0 0 U U 10 1 CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT' INVENTORY 5 L 3 � h � U .0 ¢ V� x C 0. ovn p m s C o c A _°, i v �, UO m _c� E .- �. � � m c E c o i�a. � °: E c Z• a`''n a� Y - u y v C � x c - en p a c° -o v u E m � •v c 'J � N C cUi ti 3 L U � L V N ID N M N N N ^I M N M cr M N �� V m m m m m U II b . c v C < ¢ m ¢ J E S c o i C m m m U U U Cx c <c - c � Z, II L J e0+ Gi y' J U q O C 4j y C `m O c .0.. Y o " t °h c0 G C C a y t u w. u. � .0 v ,� c v m = E c ° Z - y v E Le ` -sm °��' � °�' 'dam° � •� z a b n ° E � c .� . U U U U U U U v U U U U V V G N C C 10 1 CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT' INVENTORY TABLE 1: Invasive Non - Native Mats that Threaten Wildlands in California (continued) v c N c 0 Y c E E O V d L v c n CL a m c N T u O O w iana1 '3oa uoiingia;sid ssauaAISMI shedwi (6 CC m m Z E E 0 V !v E m z V w M c d ♦ paiv n s� V u U 5 z 3 s s J U V m 7 > z z z U 0 3z z U z U L) U z v o E E c m c ou ti E v o v G 7R E 7 m -o G ` E, E C E m C .e > - E x C E 5 d m `KO E a. -c -d > a u m a h Sb 3° v N O m tU4 C. 4 W N •� �, E oA O vE v b V C =tip m m m m ¢ m m m m ¢ m ¢ ¢ E � c ° � K m ¢ m U Q U U m m m U ¢ :m c m V N e N N y � xbD O � 09 � u E O O O E fib➢ W p � II ti O 5_ 5_ 5 L N^ -2 E E � � K � � C m m pp [1. sti u S N ♦ u u = _ _ CALIFORN[A IN'Vi4SIVL PLAN] INVENTORY 11 TABLE 1: Invasive Non- Native Plants that Threaten Wildlands in California (continued) �y W L 4 E v > 0 3 5 U U U U U U L) Oc Z Z Z U U U U 0 r c N s � u N O V -O E C v 3 = o c3 v P EG --0 'g c c ^o � U c c R N .1°. y: Y> E C N C v y .a m ° E G '° 6 c 7.2 On ?• CC . u H N Q l '� c rn E n •.a :o s .`uc � `c 92 ,� `u :°. d co. ¢ c E x . , rn ' 6 a 1 c 0 ¢ o I 'o U c c 1 U c ~ u m 7 cR c , v ti w rn 33 O o i c c b o° w U > G o o '? , ps m II m cc U, c G' > o m V m �ana� god w N m o r i m 'n c n ON c E n N M M M M N N M N r+ N IN U q Q II u uoi nYu si U U m c ¢ ¢ U m U m U ¢ m ¢ E U ssauanisenui m ¢ C m m V V CO ¢ U m m ¢ m E � c spedwi o m ¢ m m U U U m ¢ U m m m ¢ n m c m _- O _v 5 i v v u i u ry. u y V [� R N '-° 'p V •O N tC N V y y C v cJ 41 y i y v u N W v 4 r/= v 'oE .yE s°..D .E o e o '"eenu u 2 o0c � S 5 J 5_ S v 5_ 5 � c¢ v V Z v c c C E:' p c ° v �v .N y y >> v v 9 E u � v � x E s Z I ,. c : ° .. ,. ., Sri rn W W W W W W W W � W t j W tL ty c°L �= c V V C rn G C 12 I CALIFORNIA INVASIVL PLANT INVLNTORY TABLE 1: Invasive Non- Native Plants that Threaten Wildlands in California (continued) K � U N v v K p Q w C�.7 tas. >7 3 z U v v z v v v z v U y > > ea'yo v d¢ 0 3 G ti m 6 n. E ro K ro 3V E _° .: 3 o Q, .° E> � 2 ,ro c c q m p o .4 t0 -O ou $ ^>,. _P. ❑ =p ur -o v v ^� ° 5 ❑ "' >, m -o Q O a ^T > 'o c ro 04 H m ro m 3 -o > C C L t E" d v i .0 E G � a 'O 0. C � C.7 O • ° � 0. G .�7. u � 'j V ro .� � � v .E �� .j _ E ^- v N `° a J� o '4v'' V .� 0 A 'G •p v °i C tb .,OJ J w H 'cam° V Z> c ¢ Y lanai X04 N D O O ° O W N N h N r m M � II uoppisld m ¢ m m ¢ ¢ ¢ ¢ U PQ m ¢ � q U ._ G 6 ssauanlsMI ¢ m m ¢ ¢ m m m m m m m om m E E � c spedml o ¢ U m m ¢ U m m m ¢ �G c u � a aJ 9J CJ 'U N Y N N Sy � J o of o u II ro S N- >. SSE E c E Q E au ^tea v v s E y E s c Z V' V PG c .�^� .S Cr .•'. .^� C .0 .�-. .L1 T m E m s' z EC 3 E c z m v v 'GV u m N o o T u c c N U U U 5. ``. •� ri x Z x x Z z .2. :z •S Z ` � v C U ♦;jaltl V O C CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLAN "I INVEN"'ORY 13 TABLE 1: Invasive Non- Native Plants that Threaten Wildlands in California (continued) d c c 0 d d E E 0 V d O c io v 7 d a H u O 0 w lanal'3od uol}ngla3s,a SSaUBAISeAUI spedwl C m d E m Z c 0 E E O V a E LP Z r c d H ♦ paiv l� M O N N pJ U U Q m ¢ m m m m m U e m m m U m m Q m m u a z u v s 5 C m ti � l� M O N N pJ U U Q m ¢ m m m m m U e m m m U m m Q m m u v z u v s � u c � O ° N G U N E m by v U Eq C v ❑ y 8b'8 G' 3 v. l� M O N N pJ U U Q m ¢ m m m m m U e m m m U m m Q m m u v z u v s � O N 9 LO v IV 14 1 CALU;oIi NIA INK1SIVL PLANT 1NVLNTORv 5 ° V N V v, U 3s U >� U 5 sv Z iJ w ac Z U Z� Z U Z U art" 0 V. .tl G y O O � ;C E > E> ai 3� c c a U c -o c v. m .4 5 E >. 4 c Sb E E E a `e' m m 15 ec m72 72 3 E N v+,� jE m V U a: w w U r (.7 •s c C o c v V �O v] IO O CC IN .°. N N N N M M �.? U II U m m m E U � c v E � C U m ¢ U d U ° II u u u � L 4i v u c i c E d Oi 'V S O F OC Y E fJ i` DL 2 U N� u c c c V C C (n C C d o � 4p r C � � 5 - a z �? s 14 1 CALU;oIi NIA INK1SIVL PLANT 1NVLNTORv 5 ° V N V v, U 3s U >� U 5 sv Z iJ w ac Z U Z� Z U Z U art" 0 V. .tl G y O O � ;C E > E> ai 3� c c a U c -o c v. m .4 5 E >. 4 c Sb E E E a `e' m m 15 ec m72 72 3 E N v+,� jE m V U a: w w U r (.7 •s c C o c v V �O v] IO O CC IN .°. N N N N M M �.? U II U m m m E U � c v E � C U m ¢ U d U ° II u u u � L 4i v u c i c E d Oi 'V S O F OC Y E fJ i` DL 2 U N� u c c c V C C (n C C d o � 4p r C � � 5 - a TABLE 1: Invasive Non - Native Plants that Threaten Wildlands in California (continued) z w c c 0 a C d E E V `w O c m d c d n u 0 O W lanaj •3oa uoppisld ssauaniseAUI spedmi rn oc E m Z O E E 0 V E m Z u w C d In ♦ VDIV 2 U U z 3 U Z z U z3 y �' E a o c °_ c U o LL 'o c N_ .° 3 o�roD c .° o c c u m p, G e E c m 5 g E E '> E o c u E va yu c aE .. '� E u F' "O 'a v U '0 G u .>. >. V- N > 511 �' g '7 P O ' O 'C O p tG N ° J C7 > v, O U v U w li U. ¢ u aq U `✓ U 9 U. L4 e C F CO 11 N 09 W ,/1 N cl� T N N M lV (V (V (V (V (V !V !V N (V N v J U II E EU L c m ; C m c u v 5 V a°Csoo o�E o�E° o II 2 5_ a c H ti curoi E Ei EE u '°, F F C r C CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVENTORY 15 TABLE 1: Invasive Non - Native Plants that Threaten Wildlands in California (continued) v d c N C O d Y c E E O v `w Y 0 c m a d v C N d a O O W uoppisla SSBU2AISLAUI spedml z m E m Z c E E O v v E m Z C d ♦ ia?ly O\ O M N N N m m q m m m m m v N W V — L_ n vl C1 ^I N N N m m = m C q 5 a v r si ? 'g 5 55 r a m m m U U m 3 � C v J p @ Q R O ei r c � e u m m m U U ° z z o< U m U U U U II z Z v5 U J U CU U U U a c U V U U U V U 7_U z V z z z Zvi V a d G v J E v 2 - c � � S n Q V G c .°�.° 72 c� ors -o `ob c C f C a, cr� a e C � v � g o > > 5 E J °' J c. G '9 c .. v 6 U ,d, 72 E t ,� ._ J w �, o •� c " 3 a c E o c .o., 'Cd � v U U .T > m e •-� .. c n 3 a E G co a J o, L o.n .^J ,u. N 2 .'. — V b m .—'�. _D G j 9•�O L C7d a. a� u.c u. cc� U v i� E a c cC > O\ O M N N N m m q m m m m m v N W V — L_ n vl C1 ^I N N N m m = m C q c a v r si v 'g N 0 rz W v 'O 'D 'O J E E R y E O C .O eqmp OA c a v r si v 'g 5 N 0 rz r � m W N 'O 'D itl N E E o 0 c v c si v 'g 5 55 O a m m m m m m C v J p @ Q R O ei r c � • m r � m W N 'O 'D itl N E E o 0 c v c si v 'g 5 55 O a m m m m m m C v J G o R O ei r � m a C R si 16 I CALI PORN IA INVASIVL PLANT] NVLNTORY C R m m m m m m E U R O ei c � U m m m U U ° o< U m U U U U II _ u u a E v J E - c � � S n Q V ors -o C 4 C a, cr� a e C � v y V V c TABLE 1: Invasive Non - Native Plants that Threaten Wildlands in California (continued) m � tiv 'a 'o cn N v c � O 5r5 3 m c C57 V z oc ✓, U U U U U v� U � U U Z C7 v� .o m m d E v, J N c L m a ' E '>, GE E 3 ;, 5 � ] E V �T 'O_ O p ?. C X O09 E• U C 9 �° 5 aE °o °' a 3= J E n. ,?, c -a N �. G 'm > •O• 3 w m ,� o ^ ... '° mQ. Ct, ., Fd ro 'p O 7 E °o °' mO-y° o c 6 U / `m E L N U Q /¢ lanai •Doa o� ,r U O 'ro . uol;nquisia U m ¢ ¢ ¢ U m m U U U m V E U R m c v � ssauanisenul m m m ¢ m U U m m ¢ m m m m 0 c G °' spedw U U U ro m U U ¢ m U U U U ¢ m i n �r c U V � V 8E E m = 3 °ro z E G Y E = E G Cl v. " o G _ y d a s s O ~� valy V N G V] G C cnuroi¢nin iuv��sivc N�.���'r in�ve�uroiav 17 TABLE 1: Invasive Non - Native P9ants that Threaten Wildlands in California (continued) 18 1 CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVENTORY 5 � m p rn U z u 5 5 c � o c 3 z C7 U C7 Z U U V U U Z V U Z � U U ors E v t t 0 3_ o v E _ E 5 .:c c .9 q' ui E -o E E o ;o "p ' c V E C 7 z, N >, aE •�. -� o O O U: L. G O v.Oi y H y N E E u g�3 O ti C C V y U N V ^• N U � 9 �` F F 9 v N L �� � U :O V aV+ N 'L N �' Q! o e � ianal •304 m V uoi n u s 3q.3d ¢ m ¢ ¢ L) o U o m o u� U .e ¢ E c u ssauanisenui U m m v v m Q m m U m m ¢ E'= spedwi c o i x m U ¢ U U m Q m Q U Q m Q m c m _ u _u S V " '� ' E m v v -E v•- v .D E v o ., O V, v. 'v s c, E o m v D '° `° q s_ Z E° v v Cn u � � G �v. F N C @ X GO C � E y a saw s r FC a C Z QL 'L �O �"p0 r^di S •2'. .j CL-V ..yy; LIS C c to v� vi � in in in � i vii i° .ti vi :n vii' cn in F° cc. _ ° c ` ^ 18 1 CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVENTORY TABLE 1: Invasive Non - Native Plants that Threaten Wildlands in California (continued) Nv s ti n. -. 5 5 3 v oc U Z vi cn Z V Z U V % U U Z U U ,ter- cn Z Z v. w Y E a C ° C 2 G C u y d C N U O O^ O N C E� E o U c 2 m - < � `� A � � v v s '9 0 ° •n °• a c � 'oe 5 a .n :... d .D .cp••o c S [l` V C > C � c -� a°i m `o N v °• v a— O G O m .zy u o o .j E E V` C C m m L'� � L b4 u j VV Y. V aj G O wy^ N LN U E V 0 y V 4.� 0 o W° U lanai Boa M M M CO CN M 00 oc� M M M N N N N M M N M N N N U uo!ln4ulsla m m ¢ m ¢ m m U m m ¢ V U V E U c v SSBUBAISeAUI m ¢ ¢ m m m m m m m m m m m E c c ° spedml v ¢ ¢ m v v ¢ v v m �m c s v� Y E v E a E v Z u K � � C H g E c E C c ♦ VDIV CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVENTORY 19 TABLE 2: Species Native to Part of California, but Invasive in Other Parts of the State A few native species have become invasive in regions outside their natural range. This table lists those species that cause negative impacts in their introduced range. No overall rating is provided, since impacts are not statewide, but the section scores for each of the three plants assessed would result in Moderate ratings for the areas in which they are invasive. Scientific Name Common Name E N d c L' a Ecological Types Invaded and Other Comments Native Range Invasive Range Cupressus Monterey cypress B B B 2.3 Native to Monterev area. Invades coastal 0\ NW macrocarpa prairie, desert scrub, riparian areas. Lupinus arbareus yellow bush lupine B B B 35 Native south of Point Reyes. Invasive in SW, CW NW north coast dunes. Bay Area Phragnriles common reed Unable to Genetic issues make it unclear which strains Uncertain australis score. are native to CA. Pings radiata Monterey pine B B B 2.6 Five populations native to CA. Invades CW NW cultivars coastal scrub, prairie, and chaparral. Scientific names based on Vie Jepson Mainud. For each species, the first common name is based on the Weed Science Society of America's "Composite List of Weeds ° (www.wssa.net), followed by other names used in California. Scores: A= Severe, B =Moderate, C =Limited, D = None, U = Unknown. Documentation level averaged. Regions invaded based on Jepson geographic regions. Plant assessment forms, literature citations, and full rating criteria available at www.cal- ipc.org. 20 1 CALIFORNIA IN"SIVE PLANT INVENTORY TABLE 3: Species Evaluated But Not Listed In general, this designation is for species for which information is currently inadequate to respond with cer- tainty to the minimum number of criteria questions (i.e., too many "U" responses), or for which the sum effects of Ecological Impacts, Invasive Potential, and Ecological Amplitude and Distribution fall below the threshold for ranking (i.e. the overall score falls below Limited). Many such species are widespread but are not known to have substantial ecological impacts (though such evidence may appear in the future). All species receiving a D score for Ecological Impacts, regardless of other section scores, are by default placed into this category. Cestrum parqui Chorispora teuella Cistus ladanifer Convolvulm al ce-tuis Datrcus carroa Dinwrphotheca sinuata Erigeron humnskianus Erodh nr bon7 -s Erodnon brachpcarpurn Erodmui n¢oschatum Euphorbia lathy is Fumaria officinalis Geranium molle willow jessamine U B C blue mustard U C C gum rockrose D C C field bindweed D B B d Comments O 0 2.5 Does not spread in wildlands. 3.2 Serious agricultural weed, but not (mown to have impacts in wildlands. 2.6 Widespread in grasslands, but impacts appear negligible. 2.8 Appears to be spreading locally, but impacts unknown. 1.5 Present in Golden Gate National Recreation Area. Need more information 1.6 Impacts unknown. 2.4 Abiotic and wildife impacts unknown 2.8 Present along trails, not known to spread into undisturbed areas. 2.1 Impacts unknowm. 2.5 Not known to be invasive in CA, although it is a problem in Oregon. 2.0 .Impacts unknown. 1.5 Impacts unknown. 3.3 Negligible known impacts in wildlands. 3.5 Only known as agricultural weed. wild carrot, D C N � (U O Scientific Name Common Name w C j = ^ O Z E H c E Acacia paradoxa kangaroothorn D C C Aeschlretomene rudis rough jointvetch D C D Aira caryophldlea silver hairgrass D C A Aira praecox European hangrass D C C Albizia lophantha plume acacia U B C Album triquetrum three - cornered leak U C C Antltemis cotula mavweed chamomile, D B B dog fennel short- fruited filaree D BeUis perennis English daisy D C C . Berberis drmviaii Darwin barberry U B D Buddlejadavidu buiterflybush D B D Cestrum parqui Chorispora teuella Cistus ladanifer Convolvulm al ce-tuis Datrcus carroa Dinwrphotheca sinuata Erigeron humnskianus Erodh nr bon7 -s Erodnon brachpcarpurn Erodmui n¢oschatum Euphorbia lathy is Fumaria officinalis Geranium molle willow jessamine U B C blue mustard U C C gum rockrose D C C field bindweed D B B d Comments O 0 2.5 Does not spread in wildlands. 3.2 Serious agricultural weed, but not (mown to have impacts in wildlands. 2.6 Widespread in grasslands, but impacts appear negligible. 2.8 Appears to be spreading locally, but impacts unknown. 1.5 Present in Golden Gate National Recreation Area. Need more information 1.6 Impacts unknown. 2.4 Abiotic and wildife impacts unknown 2.8 Present along trails, not known to spread into undisturbed areas. 2.1 Impacts unknowm. 2.5 Not known to be invasive in CA, although it is a problem in Oregon. 2.0 .Impacts unknown. 1.5 Impacts unknown. 3.3 Negligible known impacts in wildlands. 3.5 Only known as agricultural weed. wild carrot, D C B 2.7 Very widespread, but primarily in disturbed sites, particularly Queen Anne s lace roadsides. African daisy D C B 1.8 Impacts to abiouc processes and plant communities unknown. Mi exican daisy U B C 1.9 Impacts unknown, but appears to be expanding. Niay become more problematic in future. broadleaf filaree D C A 2.8 Present in wildlands but known impacts are negligible. Often transient. short- fruited filaree D C A 2.6 Present in wildlands but lmown impacts are negligible. Often transient, wbitestem filaree D C A 2.7 Primarily an agricultural weed, little impact in wildlands. caper spurge D C B 2.2 .Abioticimpacts unknown. fumitory D C D 2.3 Abiotic impacts unknown, dovefoot geranium D B A 1.7 Present in wildlands, but known impacts are negligible. CALII'ORNl,% INVASIVE YLAT"r INVENTORY 1 21 TABLE 3: Species Evaluated But Not Listed (continued) Scientific Name Common Name Geranium retrorsimr N W C O herb- robert, Robert D V C = Gledirsiatiiacanthos W N Q prickly lettuce D H J Comments u E silverleaf nightshade Ligustrasin lacidnna glossvprivet D Geranium retrorsimr New Zealand geranium D Geranium herb- robert, Robert D robertuna+nn geranium Gledirsiatiiacanthos honey locust D Laceaca settiola prickly lettuce D Leprosperntnm Australian tea tree D haevigatunr silverleaf nightshade Ligustrasin lacidnna glossvprivet D Lotus cornicularus birdsfoot trefoil D :Vlakephom crocea coppery mesembryan- D tNlaytenus boaria d9elilotus officiti alis Nei non oleander B B 1.9 Present in wildlands, but Imown impacts are negligible. B C 2.8 Present in wildlands, but known impacts are negligible. B C 33 Very limited distribution. C B 3.1 Primarih an agricultural and roadside weed. C D 22 Very limited distribution. B C B B C C themum mayten D C D yellow, sweetclover D C C oleander D B D Nothoscordum false garlic gracile N)mvphaea odorata fragrant waterlily Wafts corniculata creeping woodsorrel Parkiruonia Mexican palo -verde aculeata D C ij fsiachia chinensis Chinese pistache Pittosporum Victorian box undulatcun U C Plantagocomnopm cutleafplaintain Solauum silverleaf nightshade elaeagnifolium Generally a minor component of disturbed areas. Sonelnas riper spiny sowthistle Taraviaon oJficinale common dandelion Tragopogon dubius vellow salsify Tropaeolum nmjus garden nasturtuum Ukmus pnntila Siberian elm Verbena bonariensis, tall vervain, seashore V.litoralis ienam Viciavillosa hairvvetch Vidpia brotnoides squirreltail fescue D B D 3.1 May prove problematic in riparian areas. 2.8 Primarily a turf or agricultural weed in CA. 2.0 A problem on southern CA islands, but statewide impacts are limited. 2.4 Infestation on Angel Island, San Francisco Bay. 3.3 Present in human - disturbed habitats only 2.6 Not known to be invasive, although reported from riparian areas in Central Valley and San Bernardino Mms. 2.1 Mainly an urban garden weed. D B C 23 Present only at one site. D C C 2.2 Primarih a turf weed in CA. D B D 2.2 Has not escaped into wildlands enough to cause impacts. U C D 0.9 Impacts unknown. D C D 2.7 Infestations in CA are small. More problematic on north coast. U C B 1.7 Impacts unknown. Common on north coast. D B B 18 Primarily an agricultural weed, but escaping to wildlands in D C B 2.8 Primarily an agricultural weed. Widespread but impacts minor in wildlands. D C B 2.9 Less common than V inyuros. 22 1 CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVENTORY other countries. May prove to be more important in future. D B B 3.1 Primarily an agricultural weed. D B B 2.8 Primarily a turf weed in CA. D C B 32 Generally a minor component of disturbed areas. D C C 1 -4 Impacts on abiotic processes and native plants unknown. D B B 25 Impacts unknown. D B C 2.1 Often in disturbed areas of irrigation canals. D C B 2.8 Primarily an agricultural weed. Widespread but impacts minor in wildlands. D C B 2.9 Less common than V inyuros. 22 1 CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVENTORY TABLE 4: Species Nominated but Not Reviewed The following species were nominated for review, but not evaluated because either they are not known to escape into wildlands or we lacked sufficient information to complete an assessment. Scientific Name Common Name Comments Aptenia cordifolia baby sun rose, heartleaf Occasional ornamental escape. iceplant Araujia sericifera bladderflower Need more information. Brassica oleracea cabbage Disturbed areas along north and central coast. Catalpa bign.onioides southern catalpa Reported from Sacramento /San Joaquin Valley riparian corridors. Need more information. Chrnsantheanum segennm corn daisy Disturbed areas only. Coprosrna repens creeping mirrorplant 1999 Cal -EPPC list indicated no evidence of wildland threat. Crepis eapillaris smooth hawksbeard Primarily in pastures and roadsides in coastal areas of northwest CA. Erica lusuanica Spanish heath Reported from Humboldt and Del Norte Cos. Need more information. Eriogonum fasciculation California buckwheat Invades along roadsides and other areas of human disturbance. Not known to threaten wildlands. Gazania linearis gazania Reported to invade in San Francisco Bay Area. Need more information. Grindelia squarrosa curlvcup gumweed, Mainly along roadsides. More a problem in Nevada. gumplant liniphofia uvaria redhot poker Primarily along roadsides. Lathyrus latifolius perennial sweetpea Reported from the north coast. Need more information. Lathprus tingitanus Tangier pea Along roadsides. Need more information. Limoniam rumosissivium ssp. sea - lavender Present in salt marshes. Need more information. provinciale Mehlotus indices Indian sweetclover Reported from disturbed sites. Need more information. Mesenunyanthennon nodiflorum slenderleaf iceplant Common in San Diego area along coast. Need more information on impacts. Osteospermaem frnticosum shrubby daisybush Occasional ornamental escape in southern CA. Does not appear to be invasive. Passifiom eaerulea blue passionflower Not known to invade wildlands. Plhalaris arm+diraicea reed canarygrass felmn Mamwl lists it as native in CA. Acts like a native in most areas of the state. A problem in NW states. Phoenix dactylifera date palm Reported from southern CA deserts. Need more information. Phytolacca america a pokeweed Reported invading riparian areas in northern Sacramento Valley. Need more information. Salsola soda glasswort Reported from San Francisco Bay shorelines and creek mouths. Need more information. Olmus parvifolia Chinese elm Present in disturbed areas or old homesites only. Watsonia harbanica watsoma Mav be confused with W. meriana, which is invasive in Mendocino Co. Zoysia spp. zoysiagrass Does not appear to have escaped from turf. CALIFORNIA INVASIVE NLAN'I INVENTORY 1 23 ♦ = Alert High Aegilops triuncialis (barb goatgrass) ♦Alternanthera philoxeroides (alligatorweed) Amrnophila arenaria (European beachgrass) Arundo donax (giant reed) Brassica tournefortii (Saharan mustard, African mustard) Bromus madritensis ssp. rubens ( =B. rubens) (red brome) Bronzus tectorunt (downy brome, cheatgrass) Carpobrotus edulis (Hottentot -fig, iceplant) Centaurea rnaculosa ( =C. bibersteinii) (spotted knapweed) Centaurea solstitialis (yellow starthistle) Cortaderia jubata Oubatagrass) Cortaderia selloana (pampasgrass) Cytisus scoparius (Scotch broom) Delairea odorata (= Senecio mihanioides) (Cape -ivy, German -ivy) Egeria densa (Brazilian egeria) Ehrharta calycina (purple veldtgrass) • Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) • Euphorbia esula (leafy spurge) Foen.iculunt vulgare (fennel) Genista ntonspessulana (French broom) Hedera helix, H. canariensis (English ivy, Algerian ivy) ♦ Hydrilla verticillata (hydrilla) Lepidium latifolium (perennial pepperweed, tall whitetop) • Ludwigia hexapetala ( =L. uruguayensis) (Uruguay water - primrose) Ludwigia peploides ssp. nzontevidensis (creeping water - primrose) Lythrum salicarin (purple loosestrife) • Myriophylhon aguaticum (parrotfeather) Myriophyllum spicatum (Eurasian watermilfoil) Onopordum acanthium (Scotch thistle) 24 1 CALI PORN IA INVASIVE PLANT INVENTORY Rebus armeniacus ( =R. discolor) (Himalaya blackberry, Armenian blackberry) ♦ Salvinia molesta (giant salvinia) • Sesbania punicea (red sesbania, scarlet wisteria) • Spartina alterniflora hybrids (smooth cordgrass, Atlantic cordgrass) • Spartina densifiora (dense - flowered cordgrass) Spartium junceum (Spanish broom) Taeniatherum Caput- medu.sae (medusahead) Tamarix parvifiora (smallflower tamarisk) Tantarix ramosissima (saltcedar, tamarisk) Ulex europaeus (gorse) Moderate Ageratina adenophora (croftonweed, cupatorium) Ailanthus altissinta (tree -of- heaven) Alhagi mauroruan ( =A. pseudalhagi) (camelthorn) Anthoxanthum odoratum (sweet vernalgrass) ♦ Arctotheca calendula (fertile) (fertile capeweed) Arctotheca calendula (sterile) (sterile capeweed) ♦ Asparagus asparagoides (bridal creeper, smilax asparagus) ♦Asphodelus fistulosus (onionweed) Airiplex sernibaceata (Australian saltbush) Avena barbata (slender wild oat) Avena jatua (wild oat) • Brachypodiurn sylvaticum (perennial false - brome) Brassica nigra (black mustard) Bromus diandrus (ripgut brome) • Cardaria chalepensis ( =C. draba ssp. chalepensis) (lens- podded whitetop) Cardaria draba (hoary cress) Carduus nutans (mush thistle) Carduus pycnocephalus (Italian thistle) Carpobrotus chilensis (sea -fig, iceplant) ♦ Carthamus lanatus (woolly distaff thistle) APPENDIX 1: Species Listed by Category (continued) Moderate (continued) Hordeunxmarinum, H. murinum (Mediterranean barley, hare barley, wall barley) Centaurea calcitrapa (purple starthistle) * Hypericum canariense (Canary Island hpericum) ♦ Centaurea debeauxii ( =C. x pratensis) (meadow Hypericum pet foratum (common St. Johnswort, knapweed) klamathweed) Centaurea melitensis (Malta starthistle, tocalote) Hypochaeris radicata (rough catsear, hairy dandelion) Centaurea virgata ssp. squarrosa ( =C. squarrosa) ♦Ilex aquifolium (English holly) (squarrose knapweed) Isatis tinctoria (dyers woad) Chondrilla juncea (rush skeletonweed) Kochia scoparia (kochia) Chrysanthemum coronarium (crown daisy) Leucatuhennon vulgare (oxeye daisy) Cirsium arvense (Canada thistle) Linaria genistifolia ssp. dahnatica ( =L. dalmatica) Cirsium vulgare (bull thistle) (Dalmation toadflax) Comma macidattam (poison - hemlock) Loliunt multifiorum (Italian ryegrass) Cotoneaster ftanchetii (orange cotoneaster) Lythrum hyssopifoliu.m (hyssop loosestrife) Cotoneaster lacteus (Parney's cotoneaster) Cotoneaster pannosus (silverleaf cotoneaster) Cynam cardunculus (artichoke thistle) Cynodort dactylon (bermudagrass) Cynoglossum officinale (houndstongue) Cynosurus echinatus (hedgehog dogtailgrass) Cytisus striatus (Portuguese broom, striated broom) Dipsacus fullonuit (wild teasel) Dipsacus sativxts (fuller's teasel) ♦ Dittrichia graveolens (stinkwort) Ehrharta etecta (erect veldtgrass) • Ehrharta longiflora (long- flowered veldtgrass) Elaeagnus angustifolia (Russian - olive) • Eitex spinosa (spiny emex, devil's thorn) Erechtites glonterata, E. minima (Australian fireweed, Australian burnweed) Eucalyptus globulins (Tasmanian blue gum) • Euphorbia terracina (carnation spurge) Festuca arxandinacea (tall fescue) Ficus carica (edible fig) Geranium dissectinn (cutleaf geranium) Glycetia deelinata (waxy mannagrass) Halogeton glonteratus (halogeton) Ilitschfeldia incana (shortpod mustard, summer mustard) Holcus lanams (common velvetgrass) Mentha pulegium (pennyroyal) • Mesembryanthemunt crystallin-um (crystalline iceplant) Myoportam laetltnt (myoporum) Nicotiana glauca (tree tobacco) Oxalis pes- caprae (buttercup oxalis, yellow oxalis, Bermuda buttercup) Pen-nisetum setaceunt (crimson fountaingrass) Phalaris aquatica (hardinggrass) • Polygonum cuspidaimn (= Fallopia japonica) (Japanese knotweed) • Polygonum sachalinense (Sakhalin knotweed, giant knotweed) Potamogetmt crispus (curlyleaf pondweed) • Retama wonosperma (bridal broom) Rumex acetosella (red sorrel, sheep sorrel) • Saphan sebiferum (Chinese tallowtree) Sisymbrimn Trio (London rocket) • Spartina anglica (common cordgrass) • Stipa capensis (Mediterranean steppegrass, twisted -awned speargrass) Tanacetunt vulgare (common tansy) Torilis arvensis (hedgeparsley) Trifolium hirtum (rose clover) Vinca major (big periwinkle) Vidpia nxymos (rattail fescue) • Washingtonia robusta (Mexican fan palm, Washington palm) CALIFORNIA 1NVASIVi, PLAN] INVENIORY 1 25 APPENDIX 1: Species Listed by Category (continued) Limited Acacia melanoxylon (black acacia, blackwood acacia) Agrostis avenacea (Pacific bentgrass) Agrostis stolonifera (creeping bentgrass) Bassia hyssopifolia (fivehook bassia) Bellardia trixago (bellardia) Brassica raga (birdsrape mustard, field mustard) Briza maxima (big quackinggrass, rattlesnakegrass) Bromus hordeaceus (soft brome) Cakile maritima (European sea - rocket) Cardaria pubescens (hairy whitetop) Carduus acanthoides (plumeless thistle) Carduus tenuifolius (slenderflower thistle) Conicosia pugiouiformis (narrowleaf iceplant) Cordyline australis (giant dracaena, New Zealand - cabbage tree) Cotula coronopifolia (brassbuttons) Crataegus monogyna (English hawthorn) Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora (montbretia) Crupina vu.lgaris (common cupina, bearded creeper) Dactylis glonterata (orchardgrass) Descurainia sophia (flixweed, tansy mustard) Digitalis purpurea (foxglove) Echium candicat s (pride -of- Madeira) Erodium eiontarium (redstem filaree) Eucalyptus camaldulensis (red gum) Euphorbia oblongata (oblong spurge) Helichrysutn petiolare (licoriceplant) Hypochaeris glabra (smooth catsear) Iris pseudacorus (yellowflag iris) Lobularia maritima (sweet alyssum) Marrubium vulgare (white horehound) Medicago polymorpha (California burclover) Myosotis latifolia (common forget -me -not) Olea europaea (olive) Onmtis alopecuroides (foxtail restharrow) 26 1 CALu oeNiA wvaSive PLANT INVENroev Parentucellia viscosa (yellow glandweed, sticky parentucellia) Pennisetttm clandestinum (kikuyugrass) Phoenix canariensis (Canary Island date palm) Picris echioides (bristly oxtongue) Piptatherunt m.iliaceum. (smilograss) Plantago lanceolata (buckhorn plantain, English plantain) Poa pratensis (Kentucky bluegrass) Polypogon monspeliensis and subspp. (rabbitfoot polypogon, annual beardgrass, rabbitfoot grass) Prunus cerasifera (cherry plum, wild plum) Pyracantha angustifolia, P. crenulata, P. coccinea, etc. (pyracantha, firethorn) Ranunculus repens (creeping buttercup) Raphanus sativus (radish) Ricinus contmu ris (castorbean) Robinia pseudoacacia (black locust) Rumex crispus (curly dock) Salsola paulsenii (barbwire Russian - thistle) Salsola tragus (Russian- thistle) Salvia aethiopis (Mediterranean sage) Saponaria officinalis (bouncingbet) Sch.inus molle (Peruvian peppertree) Schinus terebinthifolius (Brazilian peppertree) Schismus arabicus, S. barbatus (mediterraneangrass) Senecio jacobaea (tansy ragwort) Silybutn ntarianum (blessed milkthistle) Sinapis arvensis (wild mustard, charlock) Spartina patens (saltmeadow cordgrass) Tamarix aphylla (athel tamarisk) Undaria pinnatifida (wakame) Verbascum thapsus (common mullein, woolly mullein) Watsonia meriana (bulbil watsonia) Zantesdeschia aethiopica (calla lily) APPENDIX 2. Cal ;IPC Species Listed by Other This table is provided so that those familiar with other commonly -used ratings systems may compare those lists to the 2006 Cal -IPC ratings. See the cited websites for explanations of rating systems. Species not included in this appendix do not appear on any of these lists. CAL -EPPC r999 — Cal -EPPC. 1999. The Cal -EPPC List: Exotic Pest Plants of Greatest Ecological Concern in California. California Exotic Pest Plant Council: San Juan Capistrano, CA. Available: www.cal- ipc.org. CDFA— CDFA. 2005. EncycloWeedia: Notes on Identification, Biology, and Management of Plants Defined as Noxious Weeds by California Law. California Department of Food and Agriculture: Sacramento, CA. Available: www.cdfa.ca.gov /weedhome. USDA — Plant Protection and Quarantine. 2002. Federal Noxious Weed List. USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. US Department of Agriculture: Washington, D.C. Available: plants. usda.gov. AZ— Arizona Invasive Plant Working Group. 2005. Invasive Non- native Plants that Threaten Wildlands in Arizona. Southwest Vegetation Management Association. Available: www.swvma.org. NATURESERVE — NatureServe. 2005. Invasive Species Impact Ranks for the United States: Summary of Results as of January 10, 2005. NatureServe: Arlington, VA. Available: www.natu reserve, org. Scientific Name Cal -EPPC 1999 CDFA USDA Arizona NatureServe Acacia melanox)lon Need More Info Acacia paradoxa B Acroptilon repairs B Aegilops trimicadis Annual Grasses B Aesc1c nomene rudis Need More Info A Ageratina adenophora B Agrostis avenacea Need More Info Ailanthus altissima A -2 ' Aim caryophpllea Albi =ia lophrmtha Considered, not listed Alliagi maurorum ( =A. pseudalhagi) Red Alert A Altemanthera plAoxeroides A Ammophila arenar a A -1 Anthetrus cooda Anthoxandmin odoraturn Considered, not listed Aptenia cordifolia Need more Info Araujia sericifera B Arctotheca cahaidula (fertile strains) Red Alert A 27 1 CALIFORNIA INV"IVE PLANT INVENTORY Medium/Insignificant Iligh Iligh /Medium Medium /Low Medium/Insignificant Medium Medium /Low Medium HighAMedium MediumAnsignificant APPENDIX 2: Cal -IPC Species Listed by Other Rating Systems (continued) Scientific Name Cal -EPPC 1999 CDFA USDA Arizona NatureServe Iriouiodonax A -1 High High Asparagus asparagoides Low /Insignificant Asphodelus fistulosus Need More Info ✓ Low Atriplex semibaccaia A -2 I -Iigh /Low Arena harbata ,Annual Grasses Avenafatua Annual Grasses Medium High /Low Bassia hyssopifolia B Luw, Insignificant Bellardia trixago B Medium /Insignificant Brachypodimn 9,1vaticum High/Low Brassica nigm B Brasvea founu!forlii A -2 Medium High /Low Browns diandria Annual Grasses Medium -Alert Broimu rnaelritensis ssp. ntbeus I =B. ruberul A -2 High Branustectorum A -I High High Buddkia davidii High/Low Cardarin chalepeims ( =C. draba ssp. chalepeusis) B B Medium-Alert Cardaria draba A -2 B Medium -Alert Cardaria pubescens B Medium -Alert Canfism aennthoules Need More Info A Medium/Low Carduus nutaus A Alcdium I Iigh /Low Carduus ppenocephaluc B C Medium Carduus tenuifolius C Unknown Carpobrono chilensis Considered, not listed Medium Carpobrotns edulis A 1 I Iigh Carthamus Irowtus B Centaurea debeauxii ( =C. x pratensis' A Centaurea diffusa A Medium Centaurea maculosa ( =C. bibersteinii) Red Alert A Medium Centaurea vwlitenuis B C Medium Medinrn /LOW Centaurea solstitialis A -1 C High High/Medium Centaurea virgata ssp. squi rrosa I =C. squarrosa) A Chondriliajuncea A Medium -Alert Medium /Insignificant Chorispow tenella B Insignificant Cirsium aitiense B B Medium Cirsium vtdgare B Low Cotta ladanifer Need .More Info Conicosia pugionifonnis A -2 28 1 CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVENTORY CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLAN "P INVEN7'06Y 1 28 APPENDIX 2: Cal -IPC Species Listed by Other Rating Systems (continued) Scientific Name Cal -EPPC 1999 CDFA USDA Arizona NatureServe Conn on moculatum B Medium -Alert Medium /Low Couvolvulus arvensis Considered, not listed C Medium Medium /Low Coprosrna repens Considered, not listed Cordydine australis Need More Info Cortaderia jubata A -1 Medium Cortaderia selloana A -1 Medium Medium/Low Cotoneaster franchetii Need More Info Cotoneaster 4reteus A-2 Cotoneaster panuosus A -2 Medium Crataegus motogtwa B Crocosmia x crocosmiifiom Considered, not listed Crupinavtdgaris Red Alert A ✓ Medium/Low Cupressus macrocarpa Need More Info Cynaracardunculas A -1 B Medium Claeodon dactylon C Medium Medium /Low Cynoglossum officinale Low Medium/Low Cytisus scoparius A -1 C High /Medium Cidist6 striatus A-2 Dactylis glonxerata Medium /Insig Daucus carota Lou, Delaiiea odorata A -1 Medium Descarainia sophia Need More Info Medium/Low Digitalis parpuren Considered, not listed Medium /Insignificant Dimorplwtheca.sinuata Need More Info Dipsacus fullonum Considered, not listed High /Low Dipsacus sativus Considered, not listed Echium candicans Need More Info F.gena dema A -2 C High/Medium Ehrharta calycina A -2 Medium /Low Ehrharta erecta B Medium /Insignificant Ehrharta longii lom Need More Info Eichhornia crassipes A -2 High -Alert High , Elaeagmss angustifolia A -2 High High Etnexspinosa ✓ Insignificant Erechtites glomerata, E. mbvima B Medium /Insignificant Erica lusitanica Need More Info Erodium brachyearpum Insignificant CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVENTORY 1 29 APPENDIX 2: CaWPC Species Listed by Other Rating Systems (continued) Scientific Name Cal -EPPC 1999 CDFA USDA Arizona NatureServe bodhot; cientarium Medium Medium /Low Eucalyptus globulus A -1 Medium Euphor61esula A -2 A High -Alert High/iNtedium Euphorbia lathr'is Need more Info Euphoof is oblongata g Festuca anmidinacea B Ficuscarica A -2 Medium Foenu ulum vulgare A -1 Medium /Low Fumaua officivalis Considered, not listed Gamma linearis Need More Info Genista monspessrdana A -1 C Medium Glyceria declotata Need More Info .Ilalogetouglonteratm Red Alert A lligh/Nledium Hedera helix B High /Medium Hedera cauartensis Need More Info Helichrysunt petiolare Red Alert Hirschfeldia iricana Need More Info High/Low Holcus lauatxs B Hordeum nmrinum, H. marinum Medium High/Low Hydrilla verticillato Red Alert A ✓ Not listed High /(\-Tedium Hipericum emuiriense Need More Info Low Hypericum perforation B C High/Medium Htvpochaeris radicata Need More Info High/Lm% Ilex aguifoliunr B High /Low Iris pseudacorus B Isatis tinctoria Need More Info B High /Low Lactuca serriobi Low /Insignificant Lepidium latifoliunz A -1 B High -Alert High Leneautltemum vulgare B Low Medium/Low Ligustrum Ineidion Need iAklore Info Limoniuni rantosissirnum ssp. proviucale Need ,More Info Lineniagenistifolia ssp. dalmatica ( =L. dahnatica) A Medium -Alert Loliurn multifionrm Annual Grasses Lotus cornimilatus Medium /Low Ludmigia 17exapeuda ( =L. uruguayensis_ Need More Info Lupinus arboreus A -2 Lpthnon sulicaria Red Alert B 30 1 CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT' INVENTORY APPENDIX 2: CaWPC Species Listed by Other Rating Systems (continued) Scientific Name Cal -EPPC 1999 CDFA USDA Arizona NatureServe Malephora crocea Marntbium vulgare Maytenus boaria Medicago polymorpha Mehlohu officinalis Mentha 1mlegitnn Mesembryanthemiain crostallinrun Me sentbryanthemurn nodifloruni Myoporunr loetum Myriophyllum agtwticum Myriophylluin Spica &m Neriunt olearuler Nicohana glauca Olea europaea Orionis alopecitroides Onopordum acanthium Oxalis pes- caprae Pareritucellia ciscosa Passiflora caerulea Pennisetion chnulestimrin Peniiisetunr setaceutn Phalaris aquatica Picris echioides Pints radiata cultivars Piptathernm inihaeeuin Pistachio chirtensis Pittosporunt undulation Plantago lanceolate Polt -gonum cuspidatum (= Fallopia japonica) Polygonunesachalinense Polypogon ntoispelieesis and subspp. Potamogeion crispits Primus ceracifera Pyracantha arignstifolia, crenu1ata, eoccinea, etc Ranuncidus repem Reknna tnotiosperma Ricinits connnunis Need More Info Medium/Low M Need More Info Considered, not listed - - - - - Considered, not listed NIcdimn Medium /Low A -2 B Low Need More Info - Medium -Alert A -2 B A -1 Considered, not listed Need More Info B Red Alert Need More Info Need More Info Need More Info Need More Info A -1 B Considered, not listed Need More Info Need More Info Need More Info B Need More Info Need More Info Red Alert B High -Alert High /Medium High -Alen High Low/InsignificanL Iligh /Low Q A Low C ✓ M High High /Nledium High/Low I ligh/Low High/Medium High/Low Medium Medium /Insignificant Hi/Low, Low/Insig High/Medium CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVEN'1011Y 1 31 APPENDIX 2: CaWPC Species Listed by Other Rating Systems (continued) Scientific Name Cal -EPPC 1999 CDFA USDA Arizona NatureServe Robinia pseudoacaeia B Rubus armeniacus ( =R. discolor) A -1 Medium -Alert Medium /Insignificant Salsola paalsenii C Medium Low Salsola soda Need More Info Salsola tragus i =S. Kalil Need More Info C Medium Salvia aethiopi.s Need Nlore Info B Low Salviraiamolesta Red Alert ✓ High -Alert Medium Sapium selafevon Red Alert Saponaria officinalis A -2 Low /Insignificant Schwas molle B Medium /Low Schitnrs terebintkifolius B Schismus arabicus, S. barbatus Annual Grasses Medium Medium, Hi /Medium Senecinjacobaea B R Low Sesbania pur icea Red Alert Silybvnr¢ marimaum Considered, not listed Medium/1 -mss Sisymbiium trio Medium /Insignificant Solanum elaeagnifolium B Sonchus asper Medium �iSpartinaaltenuflorahybrids A -2 Spot lina anglica lied Alert Sparibur densifiom Red Alert High /Medium Sportirm paters Red Alert Spartu ntjnnceum B St-ipa capensis Need More Info Taeniatherum caprat- ntednszre A -1 C High Tamarix aphplla Need Nlore Info Low Tanutrix parviflora A-1 ' Tanutrixnrmosissima A -1 ` Iligh High Tavacehtni vulgare Need More Info Low Ulex europaeus A -I B Ulnrus pumila ,Medium Medium/Low Verbascumthapsus B Not listed Medium Verbena bonariensis, V litoralis Need More Info Voica major B Medium -Alert Zantesdesehia aethiopica Considered, not listed Medium/Low Zolaia spp. Considered, not listed 'Under consideration. Not yet rated. 32 1 CAL117ORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVENTORY These ecological types were used to score the Distribution section of plant assessment forms. Adapted from "Preliminary Descriptions of the Terrestrial Natural Communities of California" drafted by R. F. Holland for the California Department of Fish and Game (1986). Communities within minor ecotypes include all those listed in Holland (1986), Additional information from Sawyer, J. O., and T. Keeler -Wolf. 1995. A Manual of California Vegetation. California Native Plant Society: Sacramento, CA- Major Ecological Types Minor Ecological Types Communities within Minor Ecotypes Marine Systems marine systems kelp and other macroalgae lakes, ponds, reservoirs submergent and emergent vegetation in standing water freshwater and stuarine Aquatic rivers, streams, canals submergent and emergent vegetation in moving ephemeral, intermittent or Systems perennial water estuaries submergent vegetation in estuaries (seagrass beds) coastal foredunes, dune scrub Dunes desert desert dunes and sand fields interior interior and relictual dunes, primarily in the Great Valley coastal bluff scrub northern and southern coastal bluff scrub coastal scrub coyote bush, salal, silk- tassel, coastal sage, maritime succulent, Diegan coastal, Diablan, and Riversidian sage scrubs Sonoran desert scrub Sonoran creosote bush. Sonoran mixed woody and succulent scrubs Mojavean desert scrub Mojave creosote bush, blackbush, Mojave mixed woody, Mojave mixed steppe, and Mojave wash scrubs; Joshua tree woodland `'Scrub and Great Basin scrub big sagebrush and rabbitbrush scrubs; sagebrush steppe Chaparral chenopod scrub desert saltbush, desert sink, desert greasewood, shadscale, valley sink, and valley saltbush scrubs montane dwarf scrub low sagebrush series Upper Sonoran subshrub scrub bladderpod- California ephedra- narrowleaf goldenbush series chaparral mixed, redshank, semi- desert, and montane (mixed, ceanothus, manzanita) chaparrals; chamise coastal prairie coastal terrace and bald hills prairies valley and foothill grassland valley needlegrass, valley sacaton, serpentine bunchgrass, vallev wildryc and, pine bluegrass grasslands Grasslands, Great Basin grassland open, steppe -like vegetation of perennial bunchgrasses Vernal Pools, Meadows,and vernal pool hardpan, claypan, basalt flow, and San Diego mesa vernal pools other Herb meadow and seep wet or dry montane meadows; wet or dry subalpme or alpine meadows; Communities alkali meadows and seeps: freshwater seep alkali plava low, grayish, microphvllous, and succulent shrubs primarily in transmontane deserts pebble plain dense clay soils with quartzite pebbles CALI FORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVENTORY 1 33 APPENDIX 3: Examples of Ecological Types (continued) Major Ecological Types Minor Ecological Types Communities within Minor Ecotypes mixed evergreen, California bay, coast live oak, black oak, tan oak, bog and fen sphagnum bog, Darlingtonia bog, fen Bog and Marsh marsh and swamp salt, brackish, freshwater, transmontane alkali, and vernal marshes; Port Orford Cedar forests closed cone coniferous freshwater swamp riparian forest cottonwood, cottonwood - sycamore, red alder, white alder, aspen, willow, lower montane coniferous live oak, valley oak, Mojave, and mixed riparian forests; mesquite bosque Riparian and riparian woodland sycamore, sycamore - alder, desert dry wash, and fan palm oasis woodlands Bottondand riparian scrub riparian, mulefat, adllow, mesquite. and buttonbusb, desert wash, tamarisk subalpme coniferous lodgepole pine, whitebark pine, fOxtail pine, bristlecone pine, and and arrowweed scrubs, elderberry savanna; desert washes cismontane blue oak, coast live oak, interior live oak, valley oak, island oak, California walnut, and foothill pine woodlands Woodland pinon and juniper juniper woodland and scrub, pinon woodland Sonoran thorn crucifixion thorn and Arizona woodlands broadleaved upland mixed evergreen, California bay, coast live oak, black oak, tan oak, red alder, and aspen forests North Coast coniferous redwood , Sitka spruce -grand fir, western hemlock, Douglas -fir, and Port Orford Cedar forests closed cone coniferous beach pine, bishop pine, Monterey pine, Torrey pine, Monterey cypress, pygmy cypress, interior cypress, knobcone pine forests Forest lower montane coniferous Coast Range coniferous, Klamath coniferous, ponderosa pine, Coulter pine, white pine, white fir, and big tree forests upper montane coniferous Jeffrey pine, upper montane mixed coniferous, upper montane fir, and Klamath enriched coniferous forests subalpme coniferous lodgepole pine, whitebark pine, fOxtail pine, bristlecone pine, and limber pine forests alpine boulder and fell- field, talus and scree slope, snow margin Alpine Habitats rock field alpine dwarf scrub shrub dominated communities above the treeline 34 1 CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLAN "P INVEN'T'ORY Includes Species from Tables 1, 2, 3 and 4. acacia, blackwood acacia, plume alligatorweed alyssum, sweet asparagus, smilax barberry, Darwin barbwire Russian - thistle barley, (Mediterranean barley, wall beachgrass, European beardgrass, annual bellardia bentgrass, creeping bentgrass, Pacific bermudagrass bindweed, field birdsfoot trefoil blackberry, Armenian blackberry, Himalaya bladderflower bluegrass, Kentucky blue gum, Tasmanian bouncingbet brassbuttons brome, downy brome, red brome, ripgut brome, soft broom, bridal broom, French broom, Portuguese broom, Scotch _ broom, Spanish broom, striated buckwheat, California burclover, California burmveed, Australian buttercup, Bermuda buttercup, creeping buttertlybush cabbage cabbage tree, New Zealand calla lily Acacia melanoxylou Albizia lophantha Alternanthera philoxeroides L obularia naaaitinaa Asparagus asparagoides Berberis danuinii Salsola paulsevii Hordeum inarinum, Hordeum murinum Ammophila aa-enaria Polypogon monspeliensis and subspp. Bellardia Imago Agrostis stolonifera Agrostis avenacea Cynodon dactylon Convolvulm arvensis Lotus corniculatus Rubus anumtiacus ( =R. discolor) Rubus arnaeniacus ( =R. discolor) At aujia sericifera Pau pratensis Eucalyptus globulus Saponaria offtcinalis Cotula coronopifolia Brouaus tectorum Bromus madritensis ssp. mbens ( =B. rubens) Bromus diandrus Bromus hordeaceus Retama monosperma Genista naonspessulana Cytisus striates Cytisus scoparius Spattium junceum Cytisus striates Eriogonum jasciculatum Medicago polyanorplta Erechtites glonlerata, E. aninima Oxalis pes- caprae Ranunculus repens Buddleja davidii Brassica oleracea Cordyline australis Zantesdeschia oethiopica camelthorn canatygmss, reed Cape -ivy capeweed, fertile capeweed, sterile carrot, wild castorbean catalpa, southern catsear, rough catsear, smooth chamomile, mayweed charlock cheatgrass cherry plum Chinese tallowtree clover, California bur clover, rose cordgrass, Atlantic cordgrass, common cordgrass, dense - flowered cordgrass, saltmeadow cordgrass, smooth cotoneaster, orange cotoneaster, Parney's cotoneaster, silverleaf creeper, Australian bluebell creeper, bearded creeper, bridal cress, hoary croftonweed cupina, common cypress, Monterey daisy, African daisy, corn daisy, crown daisy, English daisy, Mexican daisy, oxeye daisybush, shrubby dandelion, common dandelion, hairy devil's thorn dock, curly dogtailgrass, hedgehog dracaena, giant dyers woad egeria, Brazilian Alhagi maurorunr ( =A. pseudalhagi) Phalaris arundinacea Delairea odorata (= Senecio mikanioides) Arctotheca calendula (fertile) Arctotheca calendula (sterile) Daucus carota Ricinus comnnnnis Catalpa bignonioides Hypochaeris radicata I-lypochaeris glabra Anthemis cotula Sinapts arvensis Bromus tectoruur Prunus cerasijera Sapiurn sebiferum Medicago polymorpha Trifolium hirtune Spartina alterniflora Spartina anglica Spartina densiflora Spartina patens Spartina altemiflora hybrids Cotoneaster franchetii Cotoneaster lacteus Cotoneaster pannosus Sollya heterophylla Crupina vulgaris Asparagus asparagoides Cardaria draba Ageratina adenophora Crupina vulgaris Cupressus macrocarpa Dimorphotheca sinuata Chrysanthemum segetuan Chrysanth"u nt coronarium Bellis perennis Erigerou hart inskianus Leucanthemum vulgare Osteospermum fruticosum. Taraxacum of fcinale Hypochtaeris mclicata Ernex spivtosa Rumex crispus Cynosuaacs echinatus Cordyline australis Isatis tinctoria Egeria densa CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVENTORY 1 35 APPENDIX 4: Species by Common Name (continued) elm, Chinese elm, Siberian emex, spiny eupatorium false - brome, perennial fennel fennel, dog fescue, rattail fescue, squirreltail fescue, tall fig, edible filaree, broadleaf filaree, redstem filaree, short£ruited filaree, whitestem firethorn fireweed, Australian fivehook bassia flixweed forget -me -not, common fountaingrass, crimson foxglove £oxtail restharrow fumitory garlic, false gazania geranium, cutleaf geranium, dovefoot geranium, New Zealand geranium, Robert Getman -ivy glandweed, yellow glasswort goatgrass, barb gorse grass, rabbitfoot gumweed, curlycup hairgrass, European hairgrass, silver halogeton hardinggrass hawksbeard, smooth hawthorn, English heath, Spanish hedgeparsley herb - robert holly, English horehound, white Hottentot -fig Uhnus parvifolia Ulntus pumila Enex spinosa Ageratina adenophora Brachypodium sylvaticum Foeniculunt vulgare Antherais cotula Vulpia ntyuros Vulpia brontoides Festuca arundinacea Ficus carica Erodiurn botrys Erodium cicutarium Erodium brachycarpum Erodium moschatum Pyracantha spp. Erechtites glomerata, E. minima Bassia hyssopifolia Descurainia Sophia Myosotis latifolia Pennisetum setaceunt Digitalis purpurea Ononis alopecuroides Fumaria offieinahs Nothoscordum gracile Gazania linearis Geranium dissectum Geranium molle Geranium retrorsum Geranium robertianum Delairea odorata Parentucellia viscosa Salsola soda Aegilops triuncialis Ulex europaeus Polypogon monspeliensis Grindelia squarrosa Aira praecox Aira caryophyllea Haoogeton glotneratus Phalaris agtmtica Crepis capillaris Crataegus ntonogyma Erica lusitanica Torilis arvensis Geranium robertianum Ilex agnifolium Marrubium vwdgare Carpobrotus edulis 36 1 CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT INVENTORY houndstongue hydrilla hypericum, Canary Island iceplant iceplant iceplant, crystalline iceplant, heartleaf iceplant, narrowleaf iceplant, slenderleaf iris, yellowflag ivy, Algerian ivy, English jessamine, willow jointvetch, rough jubatagrass kangaroothorn kikuyugrass klamathweed knapweed, diffuse knapweed, meadow knapweed, Russian knapweed, spotted knapweed, squarrose knotweed,Japanese knotweed, Sakhalin kochia leek, three-cornered lettuce, prickly licoriceplant locust, black locust, honey London rocket loosestrife, hyssop loosestrife, purple lupine, yellow bush mannagrass, waxy mayten Mediterraneangrass Mediterranean sage medusahead mesembryanthemum, coppery milkthistle, blessed mirrorplant, creeping Cynoglossum offlcinale Hydrilla verticillata Hypericunt canariense Carpobrotus chilensis Carpobrotus edulis Mesentbryanthemum crystallinum Aptenia eordifolia Conicosia pagioniformis Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum Iris pseudacorus Hedera canariensis Hedera helix Cestrum parqui Aesch)wontene rudis Cortaderia jubata Acacia paradoxa Pennisetum clandestinum Hypericum perfoiatum Centaurea diffusa Centaurea debeauxii ( =C. x piatensis) Acroptilon repens Centaurea ntactdosa ( =C. bibersteinii) Centaurea virgata ssp. squarrosa ( =C. squarrosa) Palt'gonuntcuspidamtm (= Fallopia japonica) Polygonum sachalinense Kochia scoparia Allium triquetrurn Lactuca serriola Helichrysmu petiolare Robinia pseudoacacia Gleditsia triacmuhos Sisymhrium irio Lythrunt hyssopifolium Lythrum salicaria Lupinus arboreus Glyceria declinata Maytenus boaria Schismus arabicus, S. barbutus Salvia aethiopis Taeniatherrun Caput- medusae Malephora crocea Sihdrum marianum Coprosnm repens APPENDIX 4: Species by Common Name (continued) montbretia mullein, common mullein, woolly mustard, birdsrape mustard, black mustard, blue mustard, held mustard, Saharan mustard, shortpod mustard, summer mustard, tansv mustard, wild myoporum nasturtium, garden nightshade, silverleaf oat, slender wild oat, wild oleander olive, Russian - olive onionweed orchardgrass oxalis, buttercup oxalis, yellow oxtongue, bristly palm, Canary Island date palm, date palm, Mexican fan palm, Washington paloverde, Mexican pampasgrass parentucellia, sticky parrotfeather passionflower, blue pea, perennial sweet pea, Tangier pennyroyal peppertree, Brazilian peppertree, Peruvian pepperweed, perennial periwinkle, big pine, Monterey pistache, Chinese plantain, buckhorn plantain, cutleaf plantain, English plum, wild poison- hemlock pokeweed Crocosmia x crocosntiifiora Verbascum thapsus Verbascuni thapsus Brassica rapa Brassica nigra Chorispora tenella Brassica rapa Brassica tournefortii Hirschfeldia incana Hirschfeldia incana Descurainia sophia Sinapis atvemis Myoporum factual 7iopaeolum nuajus Solanum elaeagnifoliurn Arena barbata Avena fatua Neriunt oleander Elaeagnus angustifolia Olea europaea Asphodelus fistulosus Dactylis glomerate Oxalis pes - caprae Oxalis pes - caprae Picris echioides Phoenix canariensis Phoenix dactyli fera Washingtonia robusta Washingtonia robusta Parkinsonia aculeata Cortaderia selloana Parentucellia viscosa Myriophyllum aquaticum Passi}iom caerulea Lathyrus latifolius Lathyrus tingitanus Mentha pulegium Schinus terebinthifolins Schinus tnolle Lepidium latifolium Vinca major Pious radiata cultivars Pistachia chinensis Plantago lanceolata Plantago coronopus Plantago latueolaua Prunes cerasifera Conium niaculatum Phytolacca americana polypogon, rabbitfoot pondweed, curlyleaf pride -of- Madeira privet, glossy pyracantha quaclunggrass, big Queen Anne's lace radish ragwort, tansy rattlesnakegrass red gum redhot poker reed, common reed, giant rockrose, gum rose, baby sun Russian - thistle rvegrass, Italian salsify; yellow saltbush, Australian saltcedar salvinia, giant sea -fig sea - lavender sea- rocket, European sesbania, red skeletonweed, rush smilograss sorrel, red sorrel, sheep sowthistle, spiny speargrass, twisted -awned spiny emex spurge,caper spurge, carnation spurge, leafy spurge, oblong St. johnswort, common starthistle, Malta starthistle, purple starthistle, yellow steppcgrass, Mediterranean stinkwort sweetclover, Indian sweetclover, yellow sweetpea, perennial tallowtree, Chinese Polypogon monspeliensis and subspp. Potamogeton crispus Echiurn candicam Ligustrum lucidum Pyracantha spp. Briza maxima Daucus carota Raplutnus sativtrs Senecio jacobaea Brim mtrrima Eucalyptus camaklulensis Kniphofia uvaria Phragmites australis Arundo donax Cistus ladanifer Aptenia cordifolia Salsola tragus Lolturn multiflorum Tragopogon dubius Atriplex semibaccata Tanaarix raniosissinia Salvinia molesta Carpobrotus chilensis Lintoniunl rani isoinn ni ssp.. provincale Cakile ntaritinut Sesbania punicea Chondrilla juncea Piptatherum miliaceunt Rumex acetosella Runrex acetosella Sonchusasper Stipa capensis Einex spinosa Euphorbia lathyris Euphorbia terracina Euphorbia esula Euphorbia oblongata HyTericum perforation Centaurea nAitensis Centaurea calcitrapa Centaurea solstitialis Stipa capensis Dittrichia graveolens Mehlotus indicus Melilotus officinalis Lathyrus hattfoliui Sapiuni sebife um CALII'ORNIA INVASIVE I'LAN'I' INVENTORY 1 37 APPENDIX 4: Species by Common Name (continued) tamarisk tamarisk, athel tamarisk, smallflower tansy, common Lea tree, Australian teasel, fuller's teasel, wild thistle, artichoke thistle, bull thistle, Canada thistle, Italian thistle, [Husk thistle, plumeless thistle, Scotch thistle, slenderflower thistle, woolly distaff toadflax, Dalmatian tobacco, tree tocalote tree -of- heaven veldtgrass, erect veldtgrass, long - flowered veldtgrass, purple Tamara ramosissima Tanutrix aphylla Taniarix parvifiora Tanacetunt vulgare Leptosperntum laevigatum Dipsacus sativus Dipsacusfullonum Cynara cardunculus Cirsiuni vidgare Cirsitun arvense Carduus pycnocephalus Carduus nutans Carduus acan.thoides Onopordum acanthiunx Carduus tenuifolius Carthanius lanatus Linaria genistifolia ssp. dalntatica ( =L. dalntatica) Nicotiana glauca Centaurea ntelitensis Ailanthus altissima Ehrharta erecta Ehrharta longiflora Ehrharta calycina velvetgrass, common vernalgrass, sweet vervain, seashore vervain, tall vetch, hairy Victorian box wakame water hyacinth waterlily, fragrant watermilfoil, Eurasian water- primrose, creeping water - primrose, Uruguay watsonia watsonia, bulbil whitetop, hairy whitetop, lens-podded whitetop, tall wisteria, scarlet woodsorrel, creeping zovsiagrass The Nation Park Service's Exotic Plant Management Team removes satellite infestations of Centaurea solstitialis (yellow starthtstle) to prevent the plants spread. (Photo by Bobbi Simpson, Point Reyes National Seashore) 38 1 CAt,u -'oienuA INVASIVE vtANr INVEN rosy Holcus lanatus Anthoxanthunt odoraturs Verbena litoralis Verbena bonariensis Vicia villosa Pittosporum undulatuin Undaria pinnatifida Eichhornia crassipes Nymphaea odorata Mlviophyllum spicatum Ludwigia peploides ssp. nwntevidensis Ludwigia hexapetala ( =L. uruguayensis) IVatsortia borbonica Watsonia meriana Cardaria pubescens Cardaria chulepensis ( =C. drabs ssp. chalepensis) Lepidium Iatifolium Sesbania punicea Oxalis conziculata Zoysia spp. California Invasive Plant Council 2006 Board of Directors Dan Gluesenkamp, President Audubon Canyon Ranch Mark Newhouser, Vice President Sonoma Ecology Center Jennifer Erskine Ogden, Treasurer University of California -Davis Wendy West, Secretary University of California Cooperative Extension, El Dorado County Steve Schoenig, Past President California Department of Food & Agriculture Christy Brigham National Park Service, Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area Bob Case California Native Plant Society David Chang Santa RarbaruAgricultural Commissioner's office Chris Christofferson U.S. Forest Service, Plumus National Forest Joanna Clines U.S. Forest Service, Sierra National Forest Jennifer Drewitz Yolo County Resource Conservation District Jason Giessow Santa Margarita /San Luis Rey Weed Management Area John Knapp Catalina Island Conservancy Marla Knight U.S. Forest Service, Klamath National Forest Brianna Richardson Montgomery Law Group, LLP (Affiliations for identification purposes onl),) Circular clones of Spartina alterniflora x foliosa (smooth cordgrass hybrid) spread in San Francisco Bay. (Photo by Stephen Joseph, Invasive Spartina Project) CALIFORNIA INVASIVL PLAT INVEN'T'ORY 1 39